文摘

英文文摘

聲明

Acknowledgements

Introduction

Chapter 1 Related Issues with Anaphora Processing

1.1 Discourse and Distinctions between Discourse and Text

1.1.1 Discourse

1.1.2 Discourse vs. Text

1.2 Discourse Processing

1.3 Anaphora or Coreference

1.4 Classification of Anaphora

Chapter 2 A Literature Review of Anaphora Processing

2.1 Formalism Approach

2.1.1 Chomsky's Binding Principles

2.1.2 Neo-Gricean Approach

2.2 Systemic Functional Approach

2.3 Computational Linguistic Approach

2.4 Neurolinguistic Approach

2.5 Cognitive Linguistic Approach

2.5.1 Ariel's Accessibility Theory

2.5.2 Van Hoek's Cognitive Model

2.5.3 Gundel's Givenness Hierarchy

2.6 Comments

Chapter 3 A Dynamic Model of Anaphora Processing

3.1 Situating the Model

3.1.1 The Nature and Content of the Model

3.1.2 The Restraint Elements

3.2 Kintsch's Construction-Integration Model

3.3 The Dynamic Model for Two Types of Anaphors

3.3.1 Comprehension of Direct Anaphora

3.3.2 Comprehension of Indirect Anaphora

Chapter 4 Empirical Tests on Anaphora Processing

4.1 Hypothesis

4.2 Method

4.2.1 Subjects

4.2.2 Materials

4.2.3 Procedure

4.2.4 Data Analysis

4.3 Results

4.4 Questionnaires and Discussion

Chapter 5 Indications from the Research on Anaphora Processing

5.1 The Dynamic and Parallel Processing Mechanism of Anaphora

5.2 Application for Anaphora Learners

Conclusion

Works Cited

Appendices