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Protocols for energy efficient and QoS aware communication in cluster-based wireless sensor networks.

機(jī)譯：基于群集的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的節(jié)能和QoS感知通信協(xié)議。

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) pose an enormous potential in providing diverse services to a broad range of applications including security, health care, environment, energy, military, and infrastructure monitoring by allowing intelligent monitoring of the physical environments. Such capabilities make WSNs immensely useful for data collection, analysis and possible actions. The pragmatic realization of WSN applications depends on many challenges such as energy efficient operation and support for application-specific QoS. Inspired by these challenges, this dissertation investigates techniques for energy conservation and QoS support in cluster-based WSNs. In this regard, four main contributions are made towards designing such techniques.;Firstly, a novel energy efficient cluster formation scheme is designed that uses a multi-criterion optimization technique. The novelty of this technique lies in employing multiple individual metrics for cluster formation that are critical for balanced energy dissipation of the system. By using multiple parameters that are of global and local significance, a fine control is achieved on the energy consumption behaviour of sensor nodes. In addition, the technique relies on simple design that allows sensor nodes to form clusters using local decisions only. Moreover, the decisions made by sensor nodes are based on information that is easily collected by only listening to the CH advertisement messages. Extensive simulations are performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed technique. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant energy savings as compared to other popular protocols and significantly extends the network lifetime.;Secondly, at the MAC level an adaptive reservation-based protocol is designed that allows flexible assignment of bandwidth to the sensor nodes based on application demands. The reservation is achieved by maintaining a priority index for each application level. Nodes use the application priority index to request resources in the next scheduled access period. The cluster head uses the requests to generate the transmission schedule. The interactions from higher to lower layers are used to exploit application-specific characteristics of sensor networks while simultaneously maintaining energy efficiency.;Thirdly, a simple three-tier architecture is introduced that allows further energy savings by employing relay nodes. Relay nodes act as forwarding agents to transport the data collected by the cluster heads. Two novel algorithms are designed for selection of relay nodes thus providing a viable and energy efficient topology for cluster-based WSNs. Benefits in terms of energy gains and network lifetime are demonstrated by simulation results.;Finally, an analytical model of the reservation-based MAC protocol is developed using Network Calculus. Empirical relationships are derived to estimate the worst-case bounds for backlog and delay. The model is extended to include data with different priorities.
機(jī)譯：通過允許對(duì)物理環(huán)境進(jìn)行智能監(jiān)控，無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)（WSN）在為包括安全性，醫(yī)療保健，環(huán)境，能源，軍事和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施監(jiān)控在內(nèi)的各種應(yīng)用程序提供多樣化服務(wù)方面具有巨大的潛力。此類功能使WSN對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)收集，分析和可能采取的行動(dòng)極為有用。 WSN應(yīng)用程序的務(wù)實(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)取決于許多挑戰(zhàn)，例如節(jié)能運(yùn)行和對(duì)特定于應(yīng)用程序的QoS的支持。受這些挑戰(zhàn)的啟發(fā)，本文研究了基于集群的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的節(jié)能和QoS支持技術(shù)。在這方面，對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)此類技術(shù)做出了四個(gè)主要貢獻(xiàn)。首先，設(shè)計(jì)了一種使用多準(zhǔn)則優(yōu)化技術(shù)的新型節(jié)能集群形成方案。該技術(shù)的新穎之處在于采用多個(gè)單獨(dú)的指標(biāo)進(jìn)行集群形成，這對(duì)于平衡系統(tǒng)的能量耗散至關(guān)重要。通過使用具有全局和局部重要性的多個(gè)參數(shù)，可以對(duì)傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的能耗行為進(jìn)行精細(xì)控制。另外，該技術(shù)依賴于簡(jiǎn)單的設(shè)計(jì)，該設(shè)計(jì)允許傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)僅使用局部決策來形成群集。而且，傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)做出的決定基于僅通過收聽CH廣告消息即可輕松收集的信息。進(jìn)行廣泛的仿真以評(píng)估所提出技術(shù)的性能。仿真結(jié)果表明，與其他流行的協(xié)議相比，該方法可節(jié)省大量能源，并顯著延長(zhǎng)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)壽命。其次，在MAC級(jí)別上，設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于自適應(yīng)預(yù)留的協(xié)議，該協(xié)議允許將帶寬靈活分配給基于傳感器的節(jié)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)應(yīng)用需求。通過為每個(gè)應(yīng)用程序級(jí)別維護(hù)優(yōu)先級(jí)索引來實(shí)現(xiàn)保留。節(jié)點(diǎn)使用應(yīng)用程序優(yōu)先級(jí)索引在下一個(gè)計(jì)劃的訪問周期內(nèi)請(qǐng)求資源。群集頭使用請(qǐng)求來生成傳輸調(diào)度。從較高層到較低層的交互被用來利用傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特定于應(yīng)用程序的特性，同時(shí)保持能源效率。第三，引入了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的三層體系結(jié)構(gòu)，該體系結(jié)構(gòu)通過使用中繼節(jié)點(diǎn)可以進(jìn)一步節(jié)省能源。中繼節(jié)點(diǎn)充當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)代理，以傳輸群集頭收集的數(shù)據(jù)。設(shè)計(jì)了兩種新穎的算法來選擇中繼節(jié)點(diǎn)，從而為基于集群的WSN提供可行且節(jié)能的拓?fù)?。仿真結(jié)果證明了在能量獲取和網(wǎng)絡(luò)壽命方面的好處。最后，使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)演算技術(shù)開發(fā)了基于預(yù)留的MAC協(xié)議的分析模型。得出經(jīng)驗(yàn)關(guān)系以估計(jì)積壓和延遲的最壞情況界限。該模型被擴(kuò)展為包括具有不同優(yōu)先級(jí)的數(shù)據(jù)。

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  • 作者

    Aslam, Nauman.;

  • 作者單位

    Dalhousie University (Canada).;

  • 授予單位 Dalhousie University (Canada).;
  • 學(xué)科 Engineering Electronics and Electrical.
  • 學(xué)位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 頁碼 154 p.
  • 總頁數(shù) 154
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 eng
  • 中圖分類 無線電電子學(xué)、電信技術(shù);
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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