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首頁> 外文學(xué)位 >The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) to improve plant growth in saline soils for phytoremediation.
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The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) to improve plant growth in saline soils for phytoremediation.

機(jī)譯：使用促進(jìn)植物生長的根際細(xì)菌（PGPR）和叢枝菌根真菌（AMF）來改善鹽漬土壤中植物的生長以進(jìn)行植物修復(fù)。

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Upstream oil and gas production has caused soil salinity problems across western Canada. In this work we investigated the use of ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase-producing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus intraradices to enhance the efficiency and feasibility of phytoremediation of saline soils. This work involved laboratory and field research for three sites in south east Saskatchewan, Canada. The three research sites were Cannington Manor South (CMS), Cannington Manor North (CMN) and Alameda (AL). CMS and AL were highly saline, while the CMN site had moderate salinity.;Plant growth promotion by UW3+4 and CMH3 was tested in the summer of 2007 in the field. Prior to planting, soils were sampled from each site for soil salinity analysis. Barley, oats, tall fescue and ryegrass treated with and without PGPR were sown in plots. The plant coverage condition, NaCl concentrations and biomass of plant shoots were assessed to evaluate the PGPR effect. The results showed that PGPR promoted shoot dry weight by 30%--175%. The NaCl concentrations of barley, oats and tall fescue averaged 53 g/kg, 66 g/kg and 35 g/kg, respectively. There was no evidence of an increase in NaCl concentrations of plant tissue by PGPR in the field. The salt removal of the CMN site was the highest among three sites due to the large amount of shoot biomass produced. The amount of salt accumulated in the shoots on the CMN site is estimated to be 1580 kg per hectare per year when both barley and ryegrass are planted together as a mix and treated with PGPR. Based on the field data, the estimated time required to remove 50% salt in the top 50 cm soil is seven years with PGPR treatments, while it takes fifteen years to do so without PGPR. In conclusion, PGPR-promoted phytoremediation was proven to be a feasible and effective remediation technique for soils with moderate salinity.;Indigenous PGPR were isolated from these sites and tested in greenhouse experiments using authentic salt-contaminated soils taken from the research sites. Increased plant biomass by PGPR and/or AMF was observed. This growth promotion effect varied with plant species, soil salinity and soil fertility. The combination treatment of two previously isolated PGPR Pseudomonas putida UW3 and UW4 (noted as UW3+4) from farm soil in Ontario consistently promoted shoot growth of both barley and oats grown in saline soils by approximately 100%. The indigenous PGPR Pseudomonas corrugata (CMH3) and Acinetobacter haemolyticus (CMH2) also promoted plant growth on par with UW3+4. In addition, in one experiment where alfalfa was tested, UW3+4, CMH2 and CMH3 treatments not only enhanced shoot biomass but also increased root nodulation. For AMF effects, G. intraradices enhanced biomass of oats and barley. Furthermore, the AMF+CMH3 was effective in promoting growth of Topgun ryegrass, while AMF+CMH2 was beneficial for Inferno tall fescue growth in salt impacted soils. The concentration of NaCl in the plants grown in salt-impacted soils ranged from 24--83 g/kg. There was no evidence of an increase in NaCl concentrations of plant tissue by PGPR and/or AMF treatments. In addition, to determine the importance of nutrient addition to research sites, liquid fertilizer was applied to 2-week old plants. Results demonstrated that fertilizer effectively increased biomass, and more importantly the biomass of PGPR treated plants supplied with fertilizer was approximately 20% higher than that of plants treated with fertilizer alone. Therefore, research sites were then amended with compost before planting of the 2007 field trial.
機(jī)譯：上游的石油和天然氣生產(chǎn)已經(jīng)在加拿大西部引起了土壤鹽堿化問題。在這項(xiàng)工作中，我們調(diào)查了使用產(chǎn)生ACC（1-氨基環(huán)丙烷-1-羧酸鹽）的脫氨酶的植物促生根瘤菌（PGPR）和叢枝菌根真菌（AMF）Glomus內(nèi)輻射菌，以提高鹽漬土的植物修復(fù)效率和可行性。這項(xiàng)工作涉及加拿大薩斯喀徹溫省東南部三個(gè)地點(diǎn)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室和現(xiàn)場研究。這三個(gè)研究地點(diǎn)分別是南坎寧頓莊園（CMS），北坎寧頓莊園（CMN）和阿拉米達(dá)（AL）。 CMS和AL的鹽分含量較高，而CMN的鹽度中等。; 2007年夏天，通過UW3 + 4和CMH3促進(jìn)植物生長。種植前，從每個(gè)地點(diǎn)取樣土壤以進(jìn)行土壤鹽分分析。大麥，燕麥，高羊茅和黑麥草經(jīng)和不經(jīng)PGPR處理后均播種。評估植物的覆蓋條件，NaCl濃度和芽的生物量，以評估PGPR效果。結(jié)果表明，PGPR促進(jìn)了莖干重的30％-175％。大麥，燕麥和高羊茅的NaCl濃度分別平均為53 g / kg，66 g / kg和35 g / kg。沒有證據(jù)表明在田間使用PGPR可以增加植物組織中NaCl的濃度。由于產(chǎn)生大量芽生物量，CMN部位的除鹽量在三個(gè)部位中最高。當(dāng)將大麥和黑麥草混合種植并用PGPR處理時(shí)，CMN地點(diǎn)的新芽中累積的鹽量估計(jì)為每年每公頃1580千克。根據(jù)現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)，使用PGPR處理，除去表層50厘米土壤中50％的鹽所需的估計(jì)時(shí)間為7年，而不使用PGPR則需要15年?？傊?，事實(shí)證明，PGPR促進(jìn)的植物修復(fù)是對中度鹽分土壤的一種可行且有效的修復(fù)技術(shù)。從這些位置分離出本地PGPR，并在溫室實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用從研究地點(diǎn)采集的真實(shí)鹽污染土壤進(jìn)行了測試。觀察到PGPR和/或AMF增加了植物生物量。這種生長促進(jìn)作用隨植物種類，土壤鹽分和土壤肥力的變化而變化。從安大略省的農(nóng)田土壤中將兩種先前分離的PGPR假單胞菌惡臭假單胞菌UW3和UW4（稱為UW3 + 4）進(jìn)行聯(lián)合處理，一致地促進(jìn)了在鹽漬土中生長的大麥和燕麥的嫩芽生長約100％。本地PGPR皺紋假單胞菌（CMH3）和溶血不動(dòng)桿菌（CMH2）與UW3 + 4一樣也促進(jìn)了植物的生長。此外，在一項(xiàng)測試苜蓿的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，UW3 + 4，CMH2和CMH3處理不僅增強(qiáng)了莖生物量，而且增加了根瘤。對于AMF效應(yīng)，G。inradiradies增強(qiáng)了燕麥和大麥的生物量。此外，AMF + CMH3可以有效促進(jìn)Topgun黑麥草的生長，而AMF + CMH2則可以在鹽漬土中促進(jìn)地獄高羊茅的生長。在鹽接觸土壤中生長的植物中NaCl的濃度范圍為24--83 g / kg。沒有證據(jù)表明PGPR和/或AMF處理會(huì)增加植物組織中NaCl的濃度。此外，為了確定添加營養(yǎng)素對研究地點(diǎn)的重要性，將液態(tài)肥料應(yīng)用于兩周齡的植物。結(jié)果表明，肥料有效地增加了生物量，更重要的是，PGPR處理后的植物的生物量比單獨(dú)施用肥料的植物高約20％。因此，在種植2007年田間試驗(yàn)之前，對研究場地進(jìn)行堆肥處理。

著錄項(xiàng)

  • 作者

    Chang, Pei-Chun.;

  • 作者單位

    University of Waterloo (Canada).;

  • 授予單位 University of Waterloo (Canada).;
  • 學(xué)科 Biology Ecology.;Biology Plant Physiology.;Agriculture Soil Science.
  • 學(xué)位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 2008
  • 頁碼 153 p.
  • 總頁數(shù) 153
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 eng
  • 中圖分類
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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