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Batch reactors for scalable hydrogen production.

機(jī)譯：間歇式反應(yīng)器，用于可擴(kuò)展的氫氣生產(chǎn)。

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摘要

A novel batch reactor concept is proposed for the catalytic production of hydrogen in distributed and portable applications. In the proposed CHAMP (CO2/H2 Active Membrane Piston) reactor, a batch of hydrocarbon or synthetic fuel is held in the reaction chamber where it reacts, or breaks apart, producing hydrogen. Simultaneously, the hydrogen is separated from the mixture by permeation through an integrated selective membrane. These processes proceed to the desired level of completion at which point the reaction chamber is exhausted and a fresh batch of fuel mixture brought in. Unique to the CHAMP reactor is the ability to precisely control the residence time, as well as the ability to compress the reaction chamber dynamically, or mid-cycle, in order to increase the instantaneous hydrogen yield rate.;Reactor models were developed in order to study the performance characteristics and optimize the design and operation of the CHAMP reactor. First, the ideal limits of performance (in the absence of transport limitations) were contrasted with those for continuous flow designs. Then, a coupled transport-kinetics model is employed to quantify the effects of mass transport limitations on reactor performance and search the design parameter space for optimal points. Two modes of operation are studied: fixed-volume mode wherein the piston is stationary and constant-pressure mode in which the rate of compression matches the permeation of hydrogen through the membrane. Finally, to validate these numerical models and confirm the understanding of the key operating principles, test reactors were built and experimentally characterized.
機(jī)譯：提出了一種新穎的間歇反應(yīng)器概念，用于在分布式和便攜式應(yīng)用中催化生產(chǎn)氫氣。在擬議的CHAMP（CO2 / H2活性膜活塞）反應(yīng)器中，一批碳?xì)浠衔锘蚝铣扇剂媳槐３衷诜磻?yīng)室內(nèi)，在此反應(yīng)或分解產(chǎn)生氫氣。同時，通過集成的選擇性膜滲透，從混合物中分離出氫氣。這些過程會進(jìn)行到所需的完成水平，此時將反應(yīng)室用盡，并引入新一批的燃料混合物。CHAMP反應(yīng)器的獨(dú)特之處在于能夠精確控制停留時間以及壓縮燃料的能力。動態(tài)或中間循環(huán)，以提高瞬時氫氣產(chǎn)率。開發(fā)反應(yīng)器模型以研究性能特征并優(yōu)化CHAMP反應(yīng)器的設(shè)計和操作。首先，將性能的理想極限（在沒有運(yùn)輸限制的情況下）與連續(xù)流設(shè)計的理想極限進(jìn)行了對比。然后，采用耦合運(yùn)輸動力學(xué)模型來量化傳質(zhì)限制對反應(yīng)堆性能的影響，并在設(shè)計參數(shù)空間中搜索最佳點。研究了兩種操作模式：固定體積模式（其中活塞處于固定狀態(tài)）和恒定壓力模式（其中壓縮率與氫氣通過膜的滲透率匹配）。最后，為了驗證這些數(shù)值模型并確認(rèn)對關(guān)鍵操作原理的理解，建造了試驗堆并進(jìn)行了實驗表征。

著錄項

  • 作者

    Damm, David Lee.;

  • 作者單位

    Georgia Institute of Technology.;

  • 授予單位 Georgia Institute of Technology.;
  • 學(xué)科 Engineering Chemical.;Engineering Mechanical.
  • 學(xué)位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 頁碼 197 p.
  • 總頁數(shù) 197
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 eng
  • 中圖分類
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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