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首頁> 外文學(xué)位 >Proprietors without a spiritual pillar: The search for revitalization among Hmong in the Midwestern United States.
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Proprietors without a spiritual pillar: The search for revitalization among Hmong in the Midwestern United States.

機(jī)譯：沒有精神支柱的所有人：在美國中西部的苗族中尋求振興的努力。

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摘要

Hmong immigrants to America have endured radical changes to their traditional way of life as it was practiced in the high country of Laos. Their struggles to adapt to a modern, urban wage-earning economy, when they were once subsistence slash and burn agriculturalists, has especially impacted the status and roles of first generation Hmong who arrived in this country with little or no education or relevant work skills. These Hmong, now the elderly members of Hmong communities, face a challenge to their relevance as respected, knowledgeable repositories of Hmong customary practices when nearly every aspect of Hmong life has been challenged by mainstream American cultural norms. Their children, who remembered little of their birth country, were encouraged to learn the lay of this new land in order that they might help their families put roots down, find good jobs and learn to negotiate the strange landscape of America. They grew up without the rich and textured participation in Hmong rituals, or the thick participation and observation of clan and kin-based social life. Now many in this generation struggle to make sense of Hmong cultural expectations in the setting of American life. Their struggles have created fractures and ruptures as well as new accommodations and revitalized customary practices. Their children, the first generation of American-born Hmong find themselves pushed and pulled even more by the norms and contingencies of two cultural systems. Their rejections and accommodations to new meanings concerning marriage, gender roles, patrilineal authority, and ritual practice have created strong divisions and disruptions within the family. And yet, this generation too remains strongly tied and connected to Hmong communal life as they seek to make sense of their new identities as Hmong and as Americans. This study offers a snapshot of Hmong American experience in the Midwestern United States. It is by no means a static picture, a resolved picture, even a particularly clear picture in terms of what features of this snapshot will become relevant to Hmong life in the future. It is nevertheless a testament to the unresolved and changing contingencies of the Hmong experience as related by Hmong who are living their lives under these new conditions. The voices in this account express the hopes, fears, despair and pride of a people in search of a new life and enduring identity.
機(jī)譯：苗族移民到美國已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了其傳統(tǒng)生活方式的根本改變，這是在老撾高地國家實(shí)行的。他們?yōu)檫m應(yīng)現(xiàn)代的城市賺錢經(jīng)濟(jì)而進(jìn)行的斗爭，曾經(jīng)是他們的生活大刀闊斧，燒掉了農(nóng)業(yè)工人，這尤其影響了第一代苗族的地位和作用，他們?cè)谶@個(gè)國家?guī)缀鯖]有受過教育，也沒有相關(guān)的工作技能。這些苗族，現(xiàn)在是苗族社區(qū)的老年人，當(dāng)苗族生活的幾乎每個(gè)方面都受到美國主流文化規(guī)范的挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)，他們作為漢族習(xí)俗受人尊敬的，知識(shí)淵博的知識(shí)庫的相關(guān)性面臨挑戰(zhàn)。鼓勵(lì)他們的孩子，他們記得他們的祖國很少，因此學(xué)習(xí)了這片新土地的土地，以便他們可以幫助他們的家人扎根，找到好工作并學(xué)會(huì)談判美國的奇特景觀。他們是在沒有豐富而有組織的苗族儀式參與或沒有宗族和近親社交生活的廣泛參與和觀察的情況下長大的。現(xiàn)在，這一代人中的許多人在美國人的生活環(huán)境中努力理解苗族文化的期望。他們的斗爭造成了斷裂和破裂，并產(chǎn)生了新的適應(yīng)和振興的習(xí)慣做法。他們的孩子，美國出生的第一代苗族人，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己受到兩種文化體系的規(guī)范和偶然性的推波助瀾。他們對(duì)婚姻，性別角色，父權(quán)制和禮儀習(xí)俗的新含義的拒絕和適應(yīng)，在家庭內(nèi)部造成了強(qiáng)烈的分裂和分裂。然而，這一代人仍然與苗族的公共生活緊密地聯(lián)系在一起，并與他們保持聯(lián)系，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)噲D了解自己作為苗族和美國人的新身份。這項(xiàng)研究概述了苗族美國人在美國中西部的經(jīng)歷。就快照的哪些特征在將來與苗族生活相關(guān)而言，這絕不是一幅靜態(tài)的畫面，一幅解析的畫面，甚至是一張?zhí)貏e清晰的畫面。但是，這證明了苗族人在這些新情況下生活的未解決和不斷變化的苗族經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這句話的聲音表達(dá)了人們尋求新生活和持久身份的希望，恐懼，絕望和自豪。

著錄項(xiàng)

  • 作者

    Thao, Phillipe N.;

  • 作者單位

    The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee.;

  • 授予單位 The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee.;
  • 學(xué)科 Anthropology Cultural.;Asian American Studies.
  • 學(xué)位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 頁碼 323 p.
  • 總頁數(shù) 323
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 eng
  • 中圖分類
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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