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Data telemetry with interference cancellation for retinal prosthesis.

機(jī)譯：視網(wǎng)膜假體具有干擾消除功能的數(shù)據(jù)遙測。

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Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) are the leading causes of blindness in the United States, and there are currently no effective methods for curing the diseases. Although AMD and RP patients suffer from the loss of the photoreceptor layer in the retina, the succeeding neurons such as bipolar cells and ganglion cells usually survive despite the damage. Researchers have demonstrated that electrically stimulating the surviving neuron cells can generate visual perception in blind patients by bypassing the photoreceptor layer. The prosthetic work may generate useful vision perception such as recognizing objects and identifying the environment.; This thesis focuses on the design of an inductively-coupled data telemetry to support a 1000-electrode retinal prosthesis. The telemetry system uses separate power and data carrier frequencies to achieve both power transfer efficiency and a high data rate (1 or 2 Mbps). However, since the power and data coils are placed coaxially due to surgical constraints, the power signal at 1 MHz interferes with the 20 MHz data transmission. On the data receiver side, the demodulator employs a differential scheme to cancel the interference, thus avoiding high-order filters in the front-end.; Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) is chosen as the data modulation scheme, because it is a convenient scheme for performing interference cancellation, and also because it has a higher power efficiency than Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) and Frequency Shift Keying (FSK). The DPSK receiver uses bandpass sampling to reduce the implementation complexity, avoiding carrier synchronization. Furthermore, the receiver performs demodulation in the analog domain using switched-capacitor circuits, which saves power consumption by avoiding a high speed Analog to Digital Converters (ADC). The DPSK demodulator is fabricated in 0.35 mum CMOS process with an active area of 1.7 mm x 2.6 mm. A prototype system is built to test the demodulator in a real environment, which includes both the data telemetry and power telemetry. The testing results show that, when the interference from the power telemetry is 12 dB higher than the data signal, the demodulator chip can still recover the data with no additional filters.
機(jī)譯：與年齡有關(guān)的黃斑變性（AMD）和色素性視網(wǎng)膜炎（RP）是美國失明的主要原因，目前尚無有效的治愈方法。盡管AMD和RP患者遭受視網(wǎng)膜中感光層喪失的困擾，但隨后的神經(jīng)元（如雙極細(xì)胞和神經(jīng)節(jié)細(xì)胞）通常會存活下來，盡管受到了損害。研究人員證明，電刺激存活的神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞可以繞開感光層，從而在盲人患者中產(chǎn)生視覺感知。修復(fù)工作可能會產(chǎn)生有用的視覺感知，例如識別物體和識別環(huán)境。本文主要研究感應(yīng)耦合數(shù)據(jù)遙測的設(shè)計(jì)，以支持1000電極視網(wǎng)膜假體。遙測系統(tǒng)使用分開的功率和數(shù)據(jù)載波頻率來實(shí)現(xiàn)功率傳輸效率和高數(shù)據(jù)速率（1或2 Mbps）。但是，由于外科手術(shù)的限制，功率線圈和數(shù)據(jù)線圈同軸放置，因此1 MHz的功率信號會干擾20 MHz的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。在數(shù)據(jù)接收器一側(cè)，解調(diào)器采用差分方案來消除干擾，從而避免了前端的高階濾波器。之所以選擇差分相移鍵控（DPSK）作為數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)制方案，是因?yàn)樗菆?zhí)行干擾消除的便捷方案，并且因?yàn)樗确纫奇I控（ASK）和頻移鍵控（FSK）具有更高的功率效率。 DPSK接收機(jī)使用帶通采樣來降低實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜性，避免載波同步。此外，接收器使用開關(guān)電容器電路在模擬域中執(zhí)行解調(diào)，從而避免了高速模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器（ADC），從而節(jié)省了功耗。 DPSK解調(diào)器采用0.35微米CMOS工藝制造，有效面積為1.7 mm x 2.6 mm。構(gòu)建了一個原型系統(tǒng)來在真實(shí)環(huán)境中測試解調(diào)器，其中包括數(shù)據(jù)遙測和功率遙測。測試結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)電力遙測產(chǎn)生的干擾比數(shù)據(jù)信號高12 dB時，解調(diào)器芯片仍可以恢復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)而無需額外的濾波器。

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