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Response of carabid assemblages to genetically modified herbicide-tolerant corn and to some sustainable farming practices.

機(jī)譯：卡拉比組合對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因耐除草劑玉米和某些可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)作法的反應(yīng)。

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摘要

In agricultural lands, predation of arthropod pests by natural enemies provides a tool for the development of farming strategies that rely less on insecticides. The Carabidae is a speciose family of beetles that constitute a large portion of these natural enemies and are known to be affected by farming practices. To investigate the impact of new farming practices on carabid assemblages, I used pitfall traps throughout the growing season in (1) experimental plots of conventional and genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) corn under continuous and rotation regimes and (2) experimental plots of a rotation of wheat, potato and bean under sustainable and conventional farming practices. GMHT corn had a significant influence on the carabid assemblages in one of the two years investigated. It was associated with reduced activity density of the dominant species, Bembidion quadrimaculatum. Higher mid-season weed density in plots with GMHT corn is likely to explain these results. Rotation of corn with canola increased the activity density, lowered the diversity and modified the carabid community structure. Sustainable farming increased the activity density of carabids but did not increase diversity or significantly change the community structure. However, click beetle populations, which are potential pests, were also enhanced under sustainable farming. Many carabid species were associated with different crops which affected the year to year variation on community structure.
機(jī)譯：在農(nóng)業(yè)用地中，天敵捕食節(jié)肢動(dòng)物害蟲為開發(fā)較少依賴殺蟲劑的耕作策略提供了一種工具。甲蟲科是甲蟲的特殊家族，占這些天敵的很大一部分，并且已知會(huì)受到耕作方式的影響。為了研究新的耕作方式對(duì)鎖鏈組合的影響，我在（1）常規(guī)和轉(zhuǎn)基因耐除草劑（GMHT）玉米的連續(xù)和輪作制度下的試驗(yàn)田和（2）在可持續(xù)和常規(guī)耕作方式下輪作小麥，馬鈴薯和豆類。在調(diào)查的兩年中，其中之一對(duì)GMHT玉米對(duì)腕甲的組合產(chǎn)生了重大影響。這與優(yōu)勢(shì)物種Bembidion quadrimaculatum的活動(dòng)密度降低有關(guān)。 GMHT玉米田中較高的季中雜草密度可能可以解釋這些結(jié)果。雙低油菜籽使玉米旋轉(zhuǎn)增加了活性密度，降低了多樣性并改變了卡拉比群落結(jié)構(gòu)。可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)增加了鎖甲的活動(dòng)密度，但并未增加多樣性或顯著改變社區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)。但是，在可持續(xù)耕作下，作為潛在害蟲的click蟲種群也有所增加。許多腕足類物種與不同的農(nóng)作物有關(guān)，影響了群落結(jié)構(gòu)的逐年變化。

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  • 作者

    Bourassa, Stephane.;

  • 作者單位

    University of Alberta (Canada).;

  • 授予單位 University of Alberta (Canada).;
  • 學(xué)科 Engineering Agricultural.;Environmental Sciences.
  • 學(xué)位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 2006
  • 頁(yè)碼 102 p.
  • 總頁(yè)數(shù) 102
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 eng
  • 中圖分類 老年病學(xué);
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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