国产bbaaaaa片,成年美女黄网站色视频免费,成年黄大片,а天堂中文最新一区二区三区,成人精品视频一区二区三区尤物

首頁> 外文學(xué)位 >Sexual health, HIV/AIDS and human rights among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan.
【24h】

Sexual health, HIV/AIDS and human rights among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

機譯：哈薩克斯坦阿拉木圖的男同性戀，雙性戀和其他與男性發(fā)生性關(guān)系的男性中的性健康，艾滋病毒/艾滋病與人權(quán)。

獲取原文
獲取原文并翻譯 | 示例
  • 摘要
  • 著錄項
  • 相似文獻
  • 相關(guān)主題

摘要

Background. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for HIV, but most of the research on the HIV risk factors and outcomes for MSM has been performed in high-income countries. Research is lacking on the HIV risk factors of MSM in low- and middle-income countries, particularly Central Asia. MSM often have a different social environment in these countries compared to high-income countries, as same sex behavior is often stigmatized, leading to human rights violations and pushing men towards bisexual behavior.;Methods. This cross-sectional study used respondent-driven sampling to recruit MSM from Almaty, Kazakhstan to participant in interviewer-administered surveys. We performed log binomial and logistic regressions to determine the risk factors for unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) with multiple male partners. We also stratified by whether the participants had sex with men only or were bisexual. We also developed a human rights index with 14 questions, to determine the relationship between human rights violations and HIV risk behavior and used different methods to estimate the number of MSM in Almaty.;Results. The study enrolled 400 MSM. There were strong associations between UAI with multiple male partners and sex with a trade sex partner, poor access to water- or silicon-based lubricants, used injection or noninjection drugs, or had ongoing concurrent sexual partnerships. More than 28% of participants reported experiencing at least one of the human rights violations in the index. Having been raped or threatened/assaulted by a government official were statistically significantly associated with high-risk sex. There were also differences in the sexual risk factors when comparing bisexual men to men who only had sex with men.;Conclusion. This exploratory study found high levels of multiple HIV risk behaviors in MSM, representing a population that is at high risk for HIV infection. There was also a statistically significant association between some forms of human rights violations and high-risk sex, which supports an argument for the protection of the rights of MSM. The sexual risk factors between bisexual men and homosexual men varied, which should be considered when planning public health interventions.
機譯：背景。與男性發(fā)生性關(guān)系（MSM）的男性感染艾滋病毒的風(fēng)險很高，但是有關(guān)艾滋病毒風(fēng)險因素和MSM結(jié)果的大多數(shù)研究都是在高收入國家進行的。在中低收入國家，特別是中亞，缺乏關(guān)于MSM的HIV危險因素的研究。與高收入國家相比，男男性接觸者在這些國家通常具有不同的社會環(huán)境，因為相同的性行為經(jīng)常受到污名化，從而導(dǎo)致侵犯人權(quán)并促使男人趨向雙性戀行為。這項橫斷面研究使用了受訪者驅(qū)動的抽樣方法，從哈薩克斯坦的阿拉木圖招募MSM參加了由訪調(diào)員管理的調(diào)查。我們進行了對數(shù)二項式和對數(shù)回歸分析，以確定與多個男性伴侶發(fā)生未保護性肛交（UAI）的危險因素。我們還根據(jù)參與者是否只與男性發(fā)生過性行為或雙性戀進行了分層。我們還開發(fā)了一個包含14個問題的人權(quán)指數(shù)，以確定侵犯人權(quán)行為與HIV風(fēng)險行為之間的關(guān)系，并使用不同的方法來估計阿拉木圖的MSM數(shù)量。該研究招募了400名MSM。 UAI與多個男性伴侶之間有很強的聯(lián)系，而與一個貿(mào)易性伴侶之間存在著強烈的聯(lián)系，難以獲得水基或硅基潤滑劑，二手注射劑或非注射劑，或正在進行的同時性伙伴關(guān)系。超過28％的參與者報告該指數(shù)中至少發(fā)生了一項侵犯人權(quán)行為。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，受到政府官員的強奸或威脅/毆打與高風(fēng)險性行為顯著相關(guān)。在將雙性戀男人與僅與男人發(fā)生性關(guān)系的男人進行比較時，性危險因素也存在差異。這項探索性研究發(fā)現(xiàn)MSM中多種HIV危險行為的水平很高，代表著HIV感染風(fēng)險高的人群。在某些形式的侵犯人權(quán)與高風(fēng)險性行為之間還存在統(tǒng)計上的顯著關(guān)聯(lián)，這為保護男男性接觸者的權(quán)利提供了支持。雙性戀者和同性戀者之間的性危險因素各不相同，在計劃公共衛(wèi)生干預(yù)措施時應(yīng)考慮這些因素。

著錄項

  • 作者

    Berry, Mark.;

  • 作者單位

    The Johns Hopkins University.;

  • 授予單位 The Johns Hopkins University.;
  • 學(xué)科 Health Sciences Public Health.;Biology Virology.;Health Sciences Epidemiology.
  • 學(xué)位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 頁碼 161 p.
  • 總頁數(shù) 161
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 eng
  • 中圖分類
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

相似文獻

  • 外文文獻
  • 中文文獻
  • 專利
獲取原文

客服郵箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公網(wǎng)安備：11010802029741號 ICP備案號：京ICP備15016152號-6 六維聯(lián)合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司?版權(quán)所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服務(wù)號