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首頁> 外文學(xué)位 >The effects of neighborhood characteristics on rearrest after participation in drug teatment court: A re-analysis of the Baltimore city drug treatment court experiment.
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The effects of neighborhood characteristics on rearrest after participation in drug teatment court: A re-analysis of the Baltimore city drug treatment court experiment.

機譯：參加戒毒法庭后鄰里特征對后座力的影響：對巴爾的摩市戒毒所實驗的重新分析。

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The nexus between drug use and crime is an area of intense interest. The United States spends vast amounts of money and effort in response to drug related crime. This dissertation first elucidates the scope and nature of the drug-crime nexus, then turns to a critical discussion of the disease model of addiction, the dominant paradigm for understanding drug dependence. The data supporting viewing addiction as a context-dependent behavior and examine the treatments that arise from this conceptualization of drug use are then considered. Drug treatment courts are one form of treatment that is predicated on treating addiction as a context-dependent behavior. Drug courts have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing rearrest after participation in such treatment. The Baltimore City Drug Treatment Court (BCDTC) experiment is one of the largest randomized controlled trials of the efficacy of drug courts. Data from the BCDTC experiment were used to analyze the effects of the neighborhood in which the participants lived on later rearrest. ArcView GIS software was used to geocode the street addresses of the 206 participants to the level of their police district and census tract. Data from the US Census Bureau were used to determine census tract characteristics on ten variables previously shown to be relevant in criminological studies. The tracts were then dichotomized into "high" or "low" categories for each characteristic. The frequency of rearrest was then examined. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the odds of rearrest and Poisson regression was used to assess the incident rate ratio of rearrest based on neighborhood characteristics. The results were generally negative, but the police district in which one resides, and a number of neighborhood characteristics were shown to have some influence on rearrest. The limitations of the analysis and directions for future study are discussed.
機譯：毒品使用和犯罪之間的聯(lián)系是一個令人關(guān)注的領(lǐng)域。為了應(yīng)對與毒品有關(guān)的犯罪，美國花費了大量金錢和精力。本論文首先闡明了毒品犯罪關(guān)系的范圍和性質(zhì)，然后轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)Τ砂a的疾病模型的批判性討論，成癮的疾病模型是理解毒品依賴的主要范例。然后考慮支持將成癮視為與環(huán)境有關(guān)的行為并檢查由這種藥物使用概念引起的治療的數(shù)據(jù)。戒毒所是一種治療形式，其依據(jù)是將成癮視為與環(huán)境有關(guān)的行為。在參與這種治療后，毒品法院已證明可有效減少后坐情況。巴爾的摩市藥物治療法院（BCDTC）實驗是有關(guān)藥物法院效力的最大的隨機對照試驗之一。來自BCDTC實驗的數(shù)據(jù)被用來分析參與者住所附近社區(qū)對后來的靠背的影響。使用ArcView GIS軟件對206名參與者的街道地址進行地理編碼，使其達到其警區(qū)和人口普查區(qū)域的水平。美國人口普查局提供的數(shù)據(jù)用于確定先前在犯罪學(xué)研究中相關(guān)的十個變量的普查區(qū)域特征。然后將每個特性分為兩大類：“高”或“低”。然后檢查了后靠的頻率?；卩徲蛱卣鳎捎眠壿嫽貧w分析評估后坐的幾率，并使用泊松回歸評估后坐的發(fā)生率。結(jié)果通常是消極的，但顯示一個人居住的警察區(qū)和許多鄰里特征對后坐有一定影響。討論了分析的局限性和未來研究的方向。

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  • 作者

    Nordstrom, Benjamin R.;

  • 作者單位

    University of Pennsylvania.;

  • 授予單位 University of Pennsylvania.;
  • 學(xué)科 Legal Studies.;Sociology Criminology and Penology.
  • 學(xué)位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2011
  • 頁碼 123 p.
  • 總頁數(shù) 123
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 eng
  • 中圖分類
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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