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首頁> 外文學位 >The study of landfill microbial communities using landfill gas and landfill gas condensate.
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The study of landfill microbial communities using landfill gas and landfill gas condensate.

機譯：對利用垃圾填埋氣和垃圾填埋氣冷凝物的垃圾填埋微生物群落的研究。

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Landfills are today the most widely used form of municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal. A better understanding of the waste decomposition process is important to improving waste disposal systems. Landfills are extremely heterogeneous, and as a result, conventional grab sampling of waste can only provide a limited understanding of this microbial community. In this study, landfill gas and gas condensate were used, which allowed collecting samples without disrupting the waste. Samples were collected from the Burlington County Resource Recovery Complex, NJ. Cells from landfill gas were collected on membranes by vacuum from existing gas extraction wells. Microbial communities were studied by using PCR amplification and slot-blot hybridization with 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. This study found that in all three media (landfill gas, gas condensate, and waste), Bacteria dominated in the landfill populations. The relative abundance of Bacteria found by hybridization was approximately 86–87%. Also, bacterial 16S rRNA was detected throughout all landfill samples, except in one of the gas samples analyzed by PCR amplification. Quantitatively, Archaea seemed to be a minor component of the microbial community at the landfill despite their significant functional role. The relative abundances of Archaea were 7.2% and 2.1% in gas condensate and in waste, respectively, while they were not detected in the gas. However, limited sample volume may be responsible for non-detection in the gas. By PCR amplification analysis, archaeal rRNA was detected in the gas condensate and wastes, but not in the gas. Methanogens were identified only in the landfill gas condensate and in one waste sample. Eucaryotic rRNA was only detected in landfill wastes, where their relative abundance was 13%. A literature review suggested that no prior study has investigated the landfill microbial communities by using landfill gas or gas condensates. The present study suggests that gas and gas condensates could provide representative samples from the landfill environment. The results from this study should provide a foundation for study of the microbial ecology in landfills.
機譯：垃圾填埋場是當今使用最廣泛的城市固體廢物（MSW）處置方式。更好地理解廢物分解過程對于改善廢物處理系統(tǒng)很重要。垃圾填埋場的異質性極高，因此，常規(guī)的垃圾抓取取樣只能提供對該微生物群落的有限了解。在這項研究中，使用了垃圾填埋氣和凝析氣，從而可以在不破壞廢物的情況下收集樣品。樣本是從新澤西州伯靈頓縣資源回收綜合體收集的。通過現(xiàn)有的抽氣井中的真空，將垃圾填埋氣中的細胞收集在膜上。通過使用PCR擴增和與16S rRNA靶向的寡核苷酸探針的縫隙雜交研究微生物群落。這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在所有三種介質（垃圾填埋氣，凝析氣和廢物）中，細菌在垃圾填埋場中占主導地位。通過雜交發(fā)現(xiàn)的細菌的相對豐度約為86-87％。此外，在所有垃圾填埋場樣本中都檢測到細菌16S rRNA，但其中一種通過PCR擴增分析的氣體樣本除外。從數(shù)量上看， Archaea 似乎在垃圾填埋場中是微生物群落的次要組成部分，盡管它們發(fā)揮了重要的作用。氣體冷凝物中和廢物中古細菌的相對豐度分別為7.2％和2.1％，而在氣體中未檢測到。但是，有限的樣本量可能導致無法檢測到氣體。通過PCR擴增分析，在氣體冷凝物和廢物中檢出了古細菌rRNA，但在氣體中未檢出。僅在垃圾填埋氣冷凝物中和一個廢物樣品中才鑒定到了產(chǎn)甲烷菌。真核rRNA僅在垃圾填埋場中被檢測到，它們的相對豐度為13％。文獻綜述表明，以前沒有研究通過使用垃圾填埋氣或氣體冷凝物調查垃圾填埋場微生物群落。本研究表明，氣體和氣體冷凝物可以提供來自垃圾填埋場環(huán)境的代表性樣品。這項研究的結果應為研究垃圾掩埋場的微生物生態(tài)學提供基礎。

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