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A rigorous framework for fully supporting the IEEE standard for floating-point arithmetic in high-level programming languages.

機譯：嚴格支持高級編程語言中浮點運算的IEEE標準的嚴格框架。

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Processors conforming to the IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic have been commonplace for some years, and now several programming languages seem to support or conform to this standard, from hereon referred to as “the IEEE Standard.” For example, The Java Language Specification by Gosling, Joy, and Steele, which defines the Java language, frequently mentions the IEEE Standard. Indeed, Java, as do other languages, supports some of the features of the IEEE Standard, including a couple floating-point data formats, and even requires (in section 4.2.4 “Floating-Point Operations” of the aforementioned book) that “operators on floating-point numbers behave exactly as specified by IEEE 754.”; Arguing that the support current languages offer is not enough, this thesis establishes clear criteria for what it means to fully support the IEEE Standard in a programming language. Each aspect of the IEEE Standard is examined in detail from the point of view of how various arithmetic engines implement that aspect of the IEEE Standard, how different languages (and implementations thereof) support it, and what the range of options are in supporting that aspect. Practical recommendations are then offered (particularly, but not exclusively, for Ada and Java), taking, for example, programmer convenience and impact on performance into consideration. A detailed model specification following these recommendations is provided for the Ada language.; In addition, a variety of issues related to the floating-point aspects of programming languages are discussed, so as to serve as a more complete guide to language designers. One such issue is floating-point expression evaluation schemes, and, more specifically, whether bit-for-bit identical results are actually achievable on a variety of platforms that conform to the IEEE Standard, as the Java language promises. Closely tied to this issue is that of double rounding, which occurs when a (possibly intermediate) result is rounded more than once before subsequent use or before being delivered to its final destination. So this thesis discusses when double rounding makes a difference, how it can be avoided, and what the performance impact is in avoiding it.
機譯：符合IEEE浮點算術標準的處理器已經(jīng)有幾年了，現(xiàn)在，幾種編程語言似乎支持或符合該標準，從此被稱為“ IEEE標準”。例如，Gosling，Joy和Steele制定的Java語言規(guī)范（定義Java語言）經(jīng)常提到IEEE標準。實際上，Java和其他語言一樣，支持IEEE標準的某些功能，包括幾種浮點數(shù)據(jù)格式，甚至要求（在上述書籍的第4.2.4節(jié)“浮點運算”中）“浮點數(shù)運算符的行為完全符合IEEE 754的規(guī)定?！保粻幷摦斍罢Z言提供的支持還不夠，因此，本文為以編程語言完全支持IEEE標準建立了明確的標準。從各種算術引擎如何實現(xiàn)IEEE標準的該方面，不同語言（及其實現(xiàn)）如何支持該標準以及在支持該方面的選項范圍的角度出發(fā)，詳細研究了IEEE標準的每個方面。 。然后提供實用的建議（特別但并非唯一地針對Ada和Java），例如考慮程序員的便利性和對性能的影響。遵循這些建議的詳細模型規(guī)范針對Ada語言提供。此外，還討論了與編程語言浮點方面有關的各種問題，以便為語言設計者提供更完整的指南。這樣的問題之一就是浮點表達式評估方案，更具體地說，正如Java語言所承諾的那樣，在符合IEEE標準的各種平臺上實際上是否可以獲得逐位相同的結果。與這個問題緊密相關的是雙舍入，這是在（可能是中間的）結果在后續(xù)使用之前或交付給最終目的地之前被舍入超過一次時發(fā)生的。因此，本文討論了雙舍入何時會有所作為，如何避免這種情況以及避免這種情況會對性能產生什么影響。

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