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首頁(yè)> 外文學(xué)位 >News media rhetoric, social structure, and the reporting of environmental conflict: A two-newspaper comparison.
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News media rhetoric, social structure, and the reporting of environmental conflict: A two-newspaper comparison.

機(jī)譯：新聞媒體的言論，社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和環(huán)境沖突報(bào)道：兩份報(bào)紙的比較。

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A multi-method case study was conducted regarding how a major metropolitan and a nearby small-town newspaper covered the same newsworthy issues relating to an environmental controversy in the snuffer community. The controversy was mainly between supporters and opponents of a Swiss-owned hazardous-waste treatment incinerator, during its permitting, citing and construction phases. Research aims were both explanatory and exploratory. Analytical interest was directed at theory and method-building. The overarching attempt was to critique and extend social-structural media theory by means of primarily qualitative discourse analysis, and to develop a text-centered interpretive method sensitive to distinct rhetorical features of the news teal. At the explanatory level, the study sought to explain each newspaper's coverage of the Waste Technologies Industries (WTI) controversy within the structural-pluralism hypothesis of Tichenor, Donohue & Olien, wherein different social structures are said to produce markedly different kinds of newspaper content. The exploratory aim was to comparatively study the news articles through quantitative content analysis of textual patterns, and through discourse analysis of various rhetorical features; the latter included such elements as each paper's unique narratives, metaphors and imagery, as well as each one's use of distinct types of argumentative claim and counter-claims.;A sample of "same-day/same event" news items produced by both papers between 1991--1993 was analyzed, the intent being to generate an in-depth, one-to-one story comparison of a range of interrelated discursive structures. To understand the historical context within which the articles were produced, in-depth interviews were conducted with reporters. A heuristic model---the Rhetorical Framing Model---was developed to account for journalism's status as a distinct communicative genre (the 'objective rhetorical form'), which functions to ideologically filter and reproduce the partisan discourse of news sources, each of whom frame their own rhetorical positions based on respective institutional ('motivational') interests.;Study findings, via cross-analysis and interpretation of quantitative textual patterns and of discourse-specific rhetorical structures, suggest mixed support for Tichenor et al.'s structural-pluralism hypothesis as an explanatory framework for why metropolitan and small-town newspapers cover conflict differently. The larger newspaper did in some respects produce more sustained conflict-focused coverage of the environmental dispute---especially with regard to a more balanced mix of pro, con and neutral-source statements---compared to its small-town counterpart, as the theory would predict. On the other hand, the small-town paper featured many more opposition-linked sources and claims than any other type. Its coverage was therefore more unbalanced but also more conflict-centered in this respect than was the big-city paper's, thus contradicting in some respects the main thesis of the structural-pluralism hypothesis.;On the exploratory level, discourse analysis revealed that in any given news text, a complex network of rhetorical elements cohere to produce, to varying degrees, a relatively straightforward or a much more ideologically complex narrative about the 'real world.'
機(jī)譯：進(jìn)行了一個(gè)多方法案例研究，涉及一個(gè)主要的大城市和附近的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)報(bào)紙如何報(bào)道與鼻煙社區(qū)中的環(huán)境爭(zhēng)議有關(guān)的同樣具有新聞價(jià)值的問(wèn)題。爭(zhēng)議主要是在瑞士擁有的危險(xiǎn)廢物處理焚化爐的許可，引用和建造階段，支持者與反對(duì)者之間存在爭(zhēng)議。研究目的既是解釋性的又是探索性的。分析興趣集中在理論和方法構(gòu)建上?？傮w的嘗試是通過(guò)主要定性的話語(yǔ)分析來(lái)批判和擴(kuò)展社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)媒體理論，并開(kāi)發(fā)一種以文本為中心的解釋方法，該方法對(duì)新聞藍(lán)綠色的獨(dú)特修辭特性敏感。在解釋性層面上，該研究試圖解釋每份報(bào)紙對(duì)Tichenor，Donohue和Olien的結(jié)構(gòu)多元主義假設(shè)中廢物技術(shù)行業(yè)（WTI）爭(zhēng)議的報(bào)道，其中據(jù)說(shuō)不同的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生了明顯不同的報(bào)紙內(nèi)容。探索性的目的是通過(guò)對(duì)文本模式的定量?jī)?nèi)容分析以及對(duì)各種修辭特征的話語(yǔ)分析來(lái)對(duì)新聞報(bào)道進(jìn)行比較研究；后者包括諸如每篇論文獨(dú)特的敘述，隱喻和意象以及每人使用不同類型的論證性主張和反訴等要素。；兩篇論文均產(chǎn)生的“當(dāng)日/同一事件”新聞樣本對(duì)1991--1993年間的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了分析，目的是對(duì)一系列相互關(guān)聯(lián)的話語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行深入的一對(duì)一故事比較。為了了解撰寫文章的歷史背景，對(duì)記者進(jìn)行了深入采訪。開(kāi)發(fā)了一種啟發(fā)式模型-Rhetorical Framing Model-來(lái)解釋新聞業(yè)作為一種獨(dú)特的傳播體（“客觀修辭形式”）的地位，其作用是在意識(shí)形態(tài)上過(guò)濾和復(fù)制新聞來(lái)源的黨派話語(yǔ)，每個(gè)他們根據(jù)各自的機(jī)構(gòu)（“動(dòng)機(jī)”）利益來(lái)確定自己的修辭立場(chǎng)。通過(guò)對(duì)定量文本模式和特定于語(yǔ)篇的修辭結(jié)構(gòu)的交叉分析和解釋，研究結(jié)果表明對(duì)Tichenor等人的結(jié)構(gòu)的混合支持-多元論假設(shè)作為解釋性框架，解釋了為什么大都市報(bào)紙和小城鎮(zhèn)報(bào)紙報(bào)道沖突的方式不同。較大的報(bào)紙?jiān)谀承┓矫娲_實(shí)對(duì)環(huán)境糾紛產(chǎn)生了更持久的，以沖突為重點(diǎn)的報(bào)道，尤其是在贊成，反對(duì)和中立來(lái)源的陳述更為均衡的組合方面，相比之下，它的小城鎮(zhèn)報(bào)道更為。該理論可以預(yù)測(cè)。另一方面，這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的報(bào)紙比其他任何類型的報(bào)紙都有更多與反對(duì)派相關(guān)的消息來(lái)源和主張。因此，與大城市報(bào)紙相比，它的報(bào)道更加不平衡，但也更以沖突為中心，因此在某些方面與結(jié)構(gòu)多元主義假說(shuō)的主要論點(diǎn)相抵觸。在給定的新聞文本中，復(fù)雜的修辭元素網(wǎng)絡(luò)在不同程度上產(chǎn)生了關(guān)于“現(xiàn)實(shí)世界”的相對(duì)直接的或意識(shí)形態(tài)上更為復(fù)雜的敘述。

著錄項(xiàng)

  • 作者

    Harry, Joseph C.;

  • 作者單位

    Michigan State University.;

  • 授予單位 Michigan State University.;
  • 學(xué)科 Language Linguistics.;Journalism.;Language Rhetoric and Composition.
  • 學(xué)位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 頁(yè)碼 454 p.
  • 總頁(yè)數(shù) 454
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語(yǔ)種 eng
  • 中圖分類
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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