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首頁> 外文學(xué)位 >Sex-dependent changes in activity of detoxification enzymes, insecticide susceptibility, and alterations in protein expression induced by atrazine in Drosophila melanogaster.
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Sex-dependent changes in activity of detoxification enzymes, insecticide susceptibility, and alterations in protein expression induced by atrazine in Drosophila melanogaster.

機(jī)譯：果蠅中阿特拉津誘導(dǎo)的解毒酶活性，殺蟲劑敏感性和蛋白質(zhì)表達(dá)變化的性別依賴性變化。

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Atrazine is one of the most widely used agricultural herbicides in the U.S. and the world and is recognized as the most common pesticide contaminant of ground and surface water. The effects of atrazine on the activity of detoxification enzymes and subsequent insecticide susceptibility were elucidated in this study. Drosophila melanogaster was used as the model allowing accurate identification of proteins differentially expressed due to atrazine exposure. Atrazine exposure suppressed cytochrome P450 and general esterase activity in male D. melanogaster, and increased the same activity in females. Both sexes experienced a significant increase in glutathione transferase activity. Drosophila exposed to 1,000 ppm atrazine in a non-nutrient agar for 72 h had body burdens (atrazine + deethylatrazine + deisopropylatrazine) of 11.8 ppm in females and 20.2 ppm in males. Atrazine exposure resulted in significant increases in sensitivity to carbofuran, permethrin, and parathion in both sexes. In DDT exposures, atrazine acted in a sex-dependent manner, as a synergist in females and an antagonist in males.;Proteomic analysis of Drosophila adults exposed to atrazine identified two classes of proteins which were up- or down-regulated in response to atrazine exposure: (1) proteins associated with detoxification and stress responses; and (2) proteins associated with general metabolism. Most of the proteins of interest were differentially expressed in a sex-dependent manner. Changes in expression of these proteins associated with xenobiotic metabolism or stress responses can potentially be used as biomarkers of atrazine exposure. Environmentally relevant exposures to atrazine may not be sufficient to alter the activity of detoxification enzymes or the toxicity of insecticides.
機(jī)譯：阿特拉津是美國和世界上使用最廣泛的農(nóng)業(yè)除草劑之一，被公認(rèn)為是地下水和地表水中最常見的農(nóng)藥污染物。在這項(xiàng)研究中闡明了阿特拉津?qū)ε哦久富钚院碗S后的殺蟲劑敏感性的影響。果蠅用作模型，可以準(zhǔn)確鑒定由于阿特拉津暴露而差異表達(dá)的蛋白質(zhì)。 r去津暴露抑制了雄性D. melanogaster的細(xì)胞色素P450和一般酯酶活性，并增加了雌性的相同活性。男女雙方的谷胱甘肽轉(zhuǎn)移酶活性均顯著增加。果蠅暴露于非營養(yǎng)瓊脂中的1,000 ppm阿特拉津72小時(shí)后，雌性的身體負(fù)擔(dān)（阿特拉津+脫乙基阿特拉津+脫異丙基阿特拉津）的雌性負(fù)擔(dān)為11.8 ppm，雄性為20.2 ppm。 r去津暴露導(dǎo)致兩性對呋喃丹，氯菊酯和對硫磷的敏感性顯著增加。在DDT暴露中，at去津以性別相關(guān)的方式發(fā)揮作用，在女性中起增效劑作用，在男性中起拮抗劑作用;對暴露于ros去津的果蠅成蟲的蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)分析確定了對at去津響應(yīng)有上調(diào)或下調(diào)的兩類蛋白質(zhì)。暴露：（1）與排毒和應(yīng)激反應(yīng)有關(guān)的蛋白質(zhì)； （2）與一般代謝有關(guān)的蛋白質(zhì)。大多數(shù)目的蛋白質(zhì)以性別依賴性方式差異表達(dá)。與異源生物代謝或應(yīng)激反應(yīng)相關(guān)的這些蛋白質(zhì)表達(dá)的變化可能被用作阿特拉津暴露的生物標(biāo)記。與環(huán)境相關(guān)的at去津暴露可能不足以改變解毒酶的活性或殺蟲劑的毒性。

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