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Source apportionment and measurement of PCBs and POPs in NY/NJ area.

機(jī)譯：紐約/新澤西州地區(qū)的多氯聯(lián)苯和持久性有機(jī)污染物的來源分配和測(cè)量。

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Investigating the source of Persistent Organic Pollutants in ambient air and water is imperative in the development and implementation of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) process for the impaired water bodies. Atmospheric deposition is an important process involved in the TMDL modeling, therefore one objective of this thesis aims to achieve is how to identify PCB source types and regions in air. The coupling of Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, which is use to apportion the contributing sources, with potential source contribution function (PSCF) model, which is used to locate the source regions, allowed the identification of PCB sources in urban air in Camden, US. Four factors are identified which are thought to represent sources such as volatilized Aroclors and particle-phase PCBs. The PSCF model output for SigmaPCBs and the resolved factors suggests that the urban PCB signal is comprised of multiple signals, some of which may come from discrete sources that can be identified and remediated.;As an attempt to refine the atmospheric deposition modeling input, passive sampling study is conducted to investigate the spatial extent of the urban-impacted elevated atmospheric persistent organic pollutants (POPs) including PCBs, PAHs, OCPs and BDEs by deploying passive samplers at 32 sites across the Philadelphia --Camden area. This study revealed two maxima for PCBs representative of urban (population density driven) sources vs. industrial sources, highlighting the potential role of densely populated urban centers as well as industrial areas as sources of PCBs to the regional environment. PAHs and BDEs all showed urban-rural gradients with maximum concentrations found in the urban center. Some of OCPs showed urban-rural gradient, while others exhibited either a relatively uniform concentration level across the sampling area or a relatively random spatial distribution.;In order to corroborate the loading estimate used in the development of TMDL, PMF model is also used to apportion the source of PCBs in Delaware River and NY/NJ Harbor Estuary. The analysis of ambient water either generally corroborates the PCB loading estimate used in the water quality model or identified factors associated with top loading categories in previous mass balance study.

機(jī)譯：在開發(fā)和實(shí)施受損水體的總最大日負(fù)荷（TMDL）流程時(shí)，必須調(diào)查周圍空氣和水中的持久性有機(jī)污染物的來源。大氣沉積是TMDL建模中涉及的重要過程，因此本論文旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)的一個(gè)目標(biāo)是如何識(shí)別空氣中的PCB來源類型和區(qū)域。正矩陣分解（PMF）模型（用于分配貢獻(xiàn)源）與潛在源貢獻(xiàn)函數(shù)（PSCF）模型（用于定位源區(qū)域）的耦合，可以識(shí)別卡姆登市區(qū)空氣中的PCB源，美國。確定了四個(gè)因素，這些因素被認(rèn)為是揮發(fā)性的Aroclors和顆粒相PCB的來源。 SigmaPCBs的PSCF模型輸出和已解決的因素表明，城市PCB信號(hào)由多個(gè)信號(hào)組成，其中一些信號(hào)可能來自可以識(shí)別和補(bǔ)救的離散來源;作為完善大氣沉積模型輸入的嘗試，無源通過在費(fèi)城-坎登地區(qū)的32個(gè)地點(diǎn)部署無源采樣器，進(jìn)行了抽樣研究，以調(diào)查受城市影響的大氣中持久性有機(jī)污染物（POP）的空間范圍，包括PCBs，PAHs，OCP和BDEs。這項(xiàng)研究揭示了代表城市（人口密度驅(qū)動(dòng)）來源與工業(yè)來源的多氯聯(lián)苯的兩個(gè)最大值，強(qiáng)調(diào)了人口稠密的城市中心以及工業(yè)區(qū)作為區(qū)域環(huán)境中多氯聯(lián)苯來源的潛在作用。多環(huán)芳烴和多溴二苯醚都顯示出城鄉(xiāng)梯度，在城市中心濃度最高。一些OCP表現(xiàn)出城鄉(xiāng)梯度，而另一些OCP表現(xiàn)出整個(gè)采樣區(qū)域的濃度水平相對(duì)均勻或空間分布相對(duì)隨機(jī)。為了證實(shí)TMDL開發(fā)中使用的負(fù)荷估算，還使用PMF模型分?jǐn)偺乩A河和紐約/新澤西港口港口的多氯聯(lián)苯來源。對(duì)環(huán)境水的分析通?？梢宰C實(shí)水質(zhì)模型中使用的PCB負(fù)荷估算值，或者可以確定先前質(zhì)量平衡研究中與最高負(fù)荷類別相關(guān)的已確定因素。

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作者
Du, Songyan.;
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作者單位

Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick.;

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授予單位 Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick.;
學(xué)科 Atmospheric Sciences.;Environmental Sciences.
學(xué)位 Ph.D.
年度 2009
頁碼 205 p.
總頁數(shù) 205
原文格式 PDF
正文語種 eng
中圖分類環(huán)境科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)理論;
關(guān)鍵詞

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Source apportionment and measurement of PCBs and POPs in NY/NJ area.

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