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Investigation of a semi-active muffler system with implementation on a snowmobile.

機(jī)譯：半主動(dòng)消聲器系統(tǒng)的研究及其在雪地摩托上的實(shí)現(xiàn)。

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Pass-by noise for snowmobiles as well as other vehicles is an increasing concern. Although not the only source, a good portion of the noise emitted by snowmobiles originates from the exhaust system. Space and weight restrictions on a snowmobile can make it difficult to attenuate exhaust noise to a desirable level only using passive mufflers. The use of a semi-active exhaust system, either stand alone or in conjunction with a traditional passive muffler, offers the opportunity to achieve good exhaust noise attenuation while keeping size and weight to a minimum.;The semi-active muffler approach achieves this by making the muffler element more efficient. This is accomplished by actively changing the physical parameters of the muffler. This changes its attenuation characteristics to be most beneficial for attenuating the exhaust noise at any engine speed or operating condition. Knowledge of the engine exhaust noise characteristics along with measurements of engine rpm and other parameters will allow this to be done in real time.;In this dissertation, a thorough review of muffler acoustics is presented. The 4-pole parameter representation of mufflers is reviewed. Methods are employed for determining the 4-pole parameters of mufflers using experimental and boundary element modeling techniques. Muffler performance is quantified by Transmission Loss (TL) or Insertion Loss (IL) defined in terms of the 4-pole parameters. TL results determined by models and experiments are corroborated.;A semi-active muffler design is introduced, developed, and analyzed including refinement of the design after initial engine testing. The semi-active muffler is tested for functionality in the laboratory as well on a snowmobile engine. It is shown to function as designed, demonstrating the feasibility of the semi-active muffler concept. However, the added complexities of a semi-active muffler evidenced by this study suggest that only substantial size and weight savings coupled with improved attenuation performance would make the use of a semi-active muffler worthwhile. The findings tend to indicate that this may be very difficult to achieve. Nonetheless, the information provided in this dissertation will prove useful to future design of mufflers both passive and semi-active alike.
機(jī)譯：雪地車以及其他車輛的通過噪聲越來越受到關(guān)注。盡管不是唯一的來源，但雪地摩托所散發(fā)的大部分噪音都來自排氣系統(tǒng)。雪地摩托的空間和重量限制可能使得僅使用被動(dòng)消聲器很難將排氣噪聲降低到理想水平。半主動(dòng)式排氣系統(tǒng)可以單獨(dú)使用，也可以與傳統(tǒng)的被動(dòng)式消聲器配合使用，從而有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)良好的排氣噪聲衰減，同時(shí)將尺寸和重量降至最低。使消聲器元件更有效。這可以通過主動(dòng)改變消聲器的物理參數(shù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)。這改變了其衰減特性，以最有利于在任何發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速或工況下衰減排氣噪聲。對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排氣噪聲特性的了解以及對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速和其他參數(shù)的測(cè)量將使它可以實(shí)時(shí)完成。本文對(duì)消聲器的聲學(xué)特性進(jìn)行了全面的回顧?；仡櫫讼暺鞯乃臉O參數(shù)表示。采用實(shí)驗(yàn)和邊界元建模技術(shù)確定消聲器四極參數(shù)的方法。消聲器的性能通過根據(jù)四極參數(shù)定義的傳輸損耗（TL）或插入損耗（IL）進(jìn)行量化。通過模型和實(shí)驗(yàn)確定的TL結(jié)果得到證實(shí)。;引入，開發(fā)和分析了半主動(dòng)消聲器設(shè)計(jì)，包括在初次發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)測(cè)試后對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。半主動(dòng)消聲器已在實(shí)驗(yàn)室以及雪地摩托發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)上進(jìn)行了功能測(cè)試。它顯示出按設(shè)計(jì)的功能運(yùn)行，證明了半主動(dòng)消聲器概念的可行性。但是，這項(xiàng)研究表明，半主動(dòng)式消聲器增加了復(fù)雜性，這表明只有節(jié)省大量的體積和重量，以及改善的衰減性能，才值得使用半主動(dòng)式消聲器。調(diào)查結(jié)果傾向于表明這可能很難實(shí)現(xiàn)。盡管如此，本文提供的信息將對(duì)消音器的被動(dòng)和半主動(dòng)消聲器的未來設(shè)計(jì)有用。

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