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Attaining Landfill Sustainability through Coupled Hydro-Bio-Mechanical Modeling of Municipal Solid Waste

機(jī)譯:通過城市固體廢物的水-生物-力學(xué)耦合模型實(shí)現(xiàn)垃圾填埋場的可持續(xù)性

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摘要

Disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills is one of the most commonly adopted options to manage MSW in the United States and many other countries worldwide. Bioreactor landfills that involve controlled injection of leachate to increase moisture and distribute nutrients/microbes within the MSW are being practiced as a means for striving towards sustainability in solid waste management. In bioreactor landfill, enhanced moisture levels promote rapid MSW biodegradation, faster MSW compression and the waste stabilization, thus eliminating long term environmental risk to the surrounding environment and public. However, the dynamic coupled hydraulic, biodegradation and mechanical processes in bioreactor landfills significantly affect the MSW compression, slope stability and in-plane shear response (shear stress-displacement) of the composite side slope and base liner and final cover system. This study presented a new mathematical modeling framework based on a rational approach for designing new bioreactor landfills as well as optimizing the performance of existing bioreactor landfills subjected to coupled hydro-bio-mechanical processes. The mathematical modeling framework was developed by integrating and simultaneously solving a mechanical model based on plain-strain formulation of Mohr-Coulomb criterion, a hydraulic two-phase flow model based on 2-D unsaturated Richards's equation and a biodegradation model formulated using the first-order decay kinetics similar to USEPA's LandGEM model. The developed framework was validated based on previous laboratory experiment and a field monitoring study. Afterwards, the integrated mathematical framework was employed to evaluate the performance of bioreactor landfills, such as, flow and distribution of moisture, the stability of landfill slopes, the landfill settlement, the changes in geotechnical properties with waste degradation, and the interface shear stress-displacement response of composite side slope and bottom liner and final cover systems. Moreover, a parametric study using the coupled hydro-bio-mechanical framework was performed to assess various system designs and operational conditions, namely: the bioreactor landfill slope configurations, the geometric configuration of trench systems, and the modes (continuous v/s intermittent) of leachate injection. In addition, Monte-Carlo simulations and reliability assessment of performance of bioreactor landfills were carried out by employing the coupled mathematical framework to examine the influence of spatial variability (uncertainties) in major geotechnical properties of MSW (e.g., unit weight, shear strength, anisotropy, saturated hydraulic conductivity, initial saturation, porosity, residual saturation, and unsaturated hydraulic parameters). Overall, this research study provided a new mathematical modeling framework that can account for both spatial and temporal changes in major geotechnical properties of MSW due to the extent of degradation, and successfully predicts the long-term performance (e.g., landfill settlement and stabilization, slope stability, hydraulic response, and liner interface shear response) of bioreactor landfills subjected to coupled hydro-bio-mechanical processes during leachate injection. Additional research is warranted to formulate/validate the model to accurately account for biodegradation of MSW and its effects on constitutive behavior and geotechnical properties of MSW, validate the model based on full-scale field bioreactor performance data, evaluate coupled response of bioreactor landfills under various landfill configurations with varying cover and liner systems, and perform reliability assessment with variable mechanical, hydraulic and biodegradation properties of MSW. Moreover, the effects of temperature on properties of MSW and coupled processes should be investigated.
機(jī)譯:在美國和全球其他許多國家,將城市固體廢物(MSW)處置在垃圾填埋場中是管理MSW的最常用方法之一。人們正在實(shí)踐生物反應(yīng)堆填埋場,其中涉及控制滲濾液的注入以增加水分并在城市固體垃圾中分配養(yǎng)分/微生物,這是努力實(shí)現(xiàn)固體廢物管理可持續(xù)性的一種手段。在生物反應(yīng)器垃圾填埋場中,水分含量的提高促進(jìn)了城市固體廢棄物的快速生物降解,更快的城市固體廢棄物壓縮和廢物穩(wěn)定,從而消除了對(duì)周圍環(huán)境和公眾的長期環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。但是,生物反應(yīng)堆填埋場中的動(dòng)態(tài)耦合水力,生物降解和機(jī)械過程會(huì)顯著影響復(fù)合材料側(cè)坡和底襯以及最終覆蓋系統(tǒng)的MSW壓縮,邊坡穩(wěn)定性和面內(nèi)剪切響應(yīng)(剪切應(yīng)力-位移)。這項(xiàng)研究提出了一種基于合理方法的新數(shù)學(xué)建模框架,用于設(shè)計(jì)新的生物反應(yīng)器垃圾填埋場以及優(yōu)化現(xiàn)有生物反應(yīng)器垃圾填埋場在水-生物-機(jī)械過程耦合作用下的性能。數(shù)學(xué)建??蚣苁峭ㄟ^整合并同時(shí)求解基于Mohr-Coulomb準(zhǔn)則的純應(yīng)變公式的機(jī)械模型,基于二維不飽和Richards方程的水力兩相流模型以及使用第一級(jí)公式建立的生物降解模型而開發(fā)的與USEPA的LandGEM模型相似的階躍動(dòng)力學(xué)。根據(jù)之前的實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)和現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測研究,對(duì)開發(fā)的框架進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。之后,采用綜合數(shù)學(xué)框架評(píng)估生物反應(yīng)堆填埋場的性能,例如水分的流動(dòng)和分布,填埋場邊坡的穩(wěn)定性,填埋場沉降,隨著廢物降解而引起的巖土特性變化以及界面剪切應(yīng)力-復(fù)合材料邊坡,底襯和最終覆蓋系統(tǒng)的位移響應(yīng)。此外,使用耦合的水-生物-機(jī)械框架進(jìn)行了參數(shù)研究,以評(píng)估各種系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)和運(yùn)行條件,即:生物反應(yīng)器垃圾填埋場的坡度配置,溝槽系統(tǒng)的幾何配置以及模式(連續(xù)v / s間歇)滲濾液注射。此外,通過使用耦合數(shù)學(xué)框架研究了空間變異性(不確定性)對(duì)城市固體廢棄物主要巖土屬性(例如單位重量,剪切強(qiáng)度,各向異性)的影響,對(duì)生物反應(yīng)堆填埋場性能進(jìn)行了蒙特卡洛模擬和可靠性評(píng)估。 ,飽和水力傳導(dǎo)率,初始飽和度,孔隙率,殘余飽和度和不飽和水力參數(shù))??偟膩碚f,這項(xiàng)研究提供了一個(gè)新的數(shù)學(xué)建??蚣?,該框架可以說明由于退化程度而引起的城市固體廢棄物主要巖土屬性的時(shí)空變化,并可以成功預(yù)測長期性能(例如,垃圾填埋場的沉降和穩(wěn)定,坡度)。滲濾液注入過程中經(jīng)歷了水-生物-機(jī)械過程耦合的生物反應(yīng)堆填埋場的穩(wěn)定性,水力響應(yīng)和襯里界面剪切響應(yīng))。有必要進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究來制定/驗(yàn)證模型,以準(zhǔn)確地說明城市固體廢棄物的生物降解及其對(duì)城市固體廢棄物的本構(gòu)行為和巖土特性的影響,基于全面的現(xiàn)場生物反應(yīng)器性能數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證模型,評(píng)估各種條件下生物反應(yīng)器垃圾填埋場的耦合響應(yīng)具有變化的覆蓋物和襯里系統(tǒng)的垃圾填埋場配置,并通過MSW的可變機(jī)械,液壓和生物降解特性執(zhí)行可靠性評(píng)估。此外,應(yīng)研究溫度對(duì)城市固體廢棄物性質(zhì)和耦合過程的影響。

著錄項(xiàng)

  • 作者

    Giri, Rajiv Kumar.;

  • 作者單位

    University of Illinois at Chicago.;

  • 授予單位 University of Illinois at Chicago.;
  • 學(xué)科 Civil engineering.
  • 學(xué)位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2015
  • 頁碼 398 p.
  • 總頁數(shù) 398
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 eng
  • 中圖分類 遙感技術(shù);
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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