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Fate analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in anaerobic digester sludge.

機(jī)譯：厭氧消化池污泥中多溴聯(lián)苯醚的去向分析。

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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used flame retardants primarily used in the electronics, plastics and textiles industries. Upon use in the so-called "technosphere", many PBDEs eventually pass through wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), one of the primary interfaces between the technosphere and the aquatic environment. Although several studies have established the majority of influent PBDEs end up in the biosolids fraction, knowledge of the fate of PBDEs in specific treatment stages (particularly those involved in biosolids stabilization) is still lacking. Given that arguments in favor of continued BDE-209 use hinge on its non-toxicity, it is imperative that we understand whether BDE-209 can be debrominated to more toxic and bioavailable congers in WWTPs. Our focus is on the reductive debromination potential of PBDEs in sludge from the Calumet Water Reclamation Plant (CWRP) treating both industrial and domestic waste from Chicago; and Woodridge-Greene Valley waste treatment facility (WGV) treating primarily domestic waste from Dupage County, Illinois.;A method was developed to extract, cleanup and quantify 43 BDE congeners ranging from di- to deca-BDEs. The field phase of this research was comprised of detailed analysis of PBDEs and relevant biosolids parameters throughout the sludge treatment train of both plants. Results indicate that BDE-209 and other BDE congeners are significantly transformed in the thermophilic digester of the WGV, but not in the standard rate digester at CWRP.;Laboratory studies included determination of the potential and rate of reductive debromination in controlled studies using a variety of inhibitors and biostimulation agents with potential "haloprimers" to confirm the WGV results. These laboratory data were used to suggest possible pathway and kinetic rates of reductive debromination in the digester and at other stages in sludge processing. Based upon our results, it has been confirmed that BDE-209 is reductively debrominated to lower brominated congeners under thermophilic digestion. These results suggest the possibility of increased BDE bioavailability, and even toxicity given the known characteristics of the lesser brominated BDE congeners. Finally, debromination kinetic data generated from this study allows predictions to be made of BDE dynamics in various digester formulations using a pseudo-first order kinetic regime.
機(jī)譯：多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）是廣泛使用的阻燃劑，主要用于電子，塑料和紡織工業(yè)。一旦在所謂的“技術(shù)圈”中使用，許多多溴二苯醚最終會(huì)通過(guò)廢水處理廠（WWTP），廢水處理廠是技術(shù)圈與水生環(huán)境之間的主要接口之一。盡管已有幾項(xiàng)研究確定了大多數(shù)流入的多溴二苯醚最終都存在于生物固體成分中，但仍缺乏對(duì)特定處理階段（尤其是那些涉及生物固體穩(wěn)定的處理）中多溴二苯醚命運(yùn)的了解。鑒于支持繼續(xù)使用BDE-209的論點(diǎn)取決于其無(wú)毒，因此我們必須了解BDE-209是否可以在污水處理廠中脫溴成更具毒性和可生物利用的凝結(jié)劑。我們的重點(diǎn)是處理來(lái)自芝加哥的卡盧梅特水回收廠（CWRP）的污泥中多溴二苯醚的還原脫溴潛力；伍德利奇-格林河谷廢物處理設(shè)施（WGV）主要處理來(lái)自伊利諾伊州杜佩奇縣的生活垃圾。開(kāi)發(fā)了一種方法來(lái)提取，凈化和量化從二溴到十溴二苯醚的43種BDE同系物。這項(xiàng)研究的田間階段包括對(duì)兩種植物的污泥處理過(guò)程中多溴二苯醚和相關(guān)生物固體參數(shù)的詳細(xì)分析。結(jié)果表明BDE-209和其他BDE同系物在WGV的嗜熱消化池中發(fā)生了顯著轉(zhuǎn)化，但在CWRP的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)速率消化池中未發(fā)生顯著變化。;實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究包括在對(duì)照研究中使用多種方法確定還原脫溴的潛力和速率抑制劑和生物刺激劑與潛在的“ haloprimers”，以確認(rèn)WGV結(jié)果。這些實(shí)驗(yàn)室數(shù)據(jù)被用來(lái)建議在消化池和污泥處理其他階段還原脫溴的可能途徑和動(dòng)力學(xué)速率。根據(jù)我們的結(jié)果，已經(jīng)證實(shí)在高溫消化下，BDE-209被還原脫溴為較低溴化的同類物。這些結(jié)果表明，鑒于溴化程度較低的BDE同系物的已知特征，BDE的生物利用度可能會(huì)增加，甚至毒性也可能增加。最后，從這項(xiàng)研究中獲得的脫溴動(dòng)力學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)允許使用擬一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方案對(duì)各種蒸煮器配方中的BDE動(dòng)力學(xué)進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。

著錄項(xiàng)

  • 作者

    Jayaraj, Jayashree.;

  • 作者單位

    University of Illinois at Chicago.;

  • 授予單位 University of Illinois at Chicago.;
  • 學(xué)科 Engineering Civil.;Engineering Environmental.
  • 學(xué)位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 頁(yè)碼 185 p.
  • 總頁(yè)數(shù) 185
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語(yǔ)種 eng
  • 中圖分類 遙感技術(shù);
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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