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Network-based risk mitigation and resource evaluation in the transportation of hazardous materials and terrorist threat.

機(jī)譯：在危險(xiǎn)材料和恐怖分子威脅的運(yùn)輸中基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)緩解和資源評估。

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The expanse of U.S. transportation systems has helped to facilitate persistent national economic growth, its ease of access and reliability vital to the plethora of users who utilize daily the established infrastructure. Recent events have shown cause for concern, however, as the vulnerability inherent in such transportation systems has been exploited by the calculated attacks of highly motivated individuals and groups who have used these networks to target the connected critical infrastructure and human populations. This research focuses on the protection of large geographic regions, and the critical components contained within, in their susceptibility to covert attacks using hazardous materials vehicles as the tool of implementation. Focusing on the detection and interception of such attacks, this work introduces three mathematical models responsible for the placement of varying types of sensors within a geographic region of interest and employs a hypercube spatial queuing model to ascertain response unit functionality and capability given the sensor network schema. The regions of Lancaster-Palmdale, California and Northridge, California are used in the systematic examination of model performance and solution characteristics. A case study within the region of Los Angeles County, California is offered as a demonstration of the success of the model to cope with networks and parameters of realistic scope and scale. The results of model implementation show trends in the application of sensor networks as a means to regional vulnerability reduction and infrastructure protection and illustrate the relationship between sensor placement and the successful instantiation of a response team and the allocation of its individual units. The complete model relies heavily on a Geographic Information System (GIS) for the manipulation and management of all network and sensor data and combines integer programming and queuing theory concepts in the development of an integrated detection and interception model for the protection of multiple points of critical infrastructure within a large geographic region.
機(jī)譯：美國交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的廣泛發(fā)展有助于促進(jìn)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)增長，交通便利性和可靠性，這對于每天使用現(xiàn)有基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的大量用戶至關(guān)重要。但是，最近的事件引起了人們的關(guān)注，因?yàn)檫@種交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)固有的脆弱性已被高度動機(jī)的個(gè)人和團(tuán)體利用蓄意攻擊而利用，這些個(gè)人和團(tuán)體利用這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)來針對相連的關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和人口。這項(xiàng)研究的重點(diǎn)是保護(hù)大型地理區(qū)域以及其中所包含的關(guān)鍵組件，以防止使用危險(xiǎn)材料車輛作為實(shí)施工具進(jìn)行秘密攻擊。著重于檢測和攔截此類攻擊，這項(xiàng)工作引入了三個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)模型，負(fù)責(zé)在感興趣的地理區(qū)域內(nèi)放置各種類型的傳感器，并采用超立方體空間排隊(duì)模型來確定響應(yīng)單元的功能和給定傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)的能力。加利福尼亞州蘭開斯特-帕爾姆代爾地區(qū)和加利福尼亞州北嶺地區(qū)用于模型性能和解決方案特征的系統(tǒng)檢查。提供了加利福尼亞州洛杉磯縣地區(qū)的一個(gè)案例研究，以證明該模型成功應(yīng)對實(shí)際范圍和規(guī)模的網(wǎng)絡(luò)和參數(shù)的成功。模型實(shí)施的結(jié)果顯示了傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為減少區(qū)域漏洞和保護(hù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的一種手段的應(yīng)用趨勢，并說明了傳感器的放置與響應(yīng)團(tuán)隊(duì)的成功實(shí)例化及其各個(gè)單位的分配之間的關(guān)系。完整的模型在很大程度上依賴于地理信息系統(tǒng)（GIS）來處理和管理所有網(wǎng)絡(luò)和傳感器數(shù)據(jù)，并且在開發(fā)集成的檢測和攔截模型以保護(hù)多個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)的過程中結(jié)合了整數(shù)編程和排隊(duì)理論概念地理區(qū)域內(nèi)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。

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