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Multidimensional model of apathy in older adults using partial least squares—path modeling

機(jī)譯：使用偏最小二乘法的老年人冷漠的多維模型-路徑建模

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Apathy defined as a mental state characterized by a lack of goal-directed behavior is prevalent and associated with poor functioning in older adults. The main objective of this study was to identify factors contributing to the distinct dimensions of apathy (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral) in older adults without dementia. One hundred and fifty participants (mean age, 80.42) completed self-rated questionnaires assessing apathy, emotional distress, anticipatory pleasure, motivational systems, physical functioning, quality of life, and cognitive functioning. Data were analyzed using partial least squares variance-based structural equation modeling in order to examine factors contributing to the three different dimensions of apathy in our sample. Overall, the different facets of apathy were associated with cognitive functioning, anticipatory pleasure, sensitivity to reward, and physical functioning, but the contribution of these different factors to the three dimensions of apathy differed significantly. More specifically, the impact of anticipatory pleasure and physical functioning was stronger for the cognitive than for emotional apathy. Conversely, the impact of sensibility to reward, although small, was slightly stronger on emotional apathy. Regarding behavioral apathy, again we found similar latent variables except for the cognitive functioning whose impact was not statistically significant. Our results highlight the need to take into account various mechanisms involved in the different facets of apathy in older adults without dementia, including not only cognitive factors but also motivational variables and aspects related to physical disability. Clinical implications are discussed.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11357-016-9916-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
機(jī)譯：冷漠是指以缺乏目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向行為為特征的精神狀態(tài)，這種現(xiàn)象普遍存在，并且與老年人機(jī)能不良有關(guān)。這項(xiàng)研究的主要目的是確定導(dǎo)致老年癡呆癥患者冷漠的不同方面（認(rèn)知，情感和行為）的因素。一百五十名參與者（平均年齡為80.42）完成了自我評估的問卷調(diào)查，評估了冷漠，情緒困擾，預(yù)期的愉悅，動機(jī)系統(tǒng)，身體機(jī)能，生活質(zhì)量和認(rèn)知機(jī)能。使用基于偏最小二乘方差的結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型分析數(shù)據(jù)，以檢查導(dǎo)致樣本中三個不同維度冷漠的因素?？傮w而言，冷漠的不同方面與認(rèn)知功能，預(yù)期愉悅感，對獎賞的敏感性和身體功能有關(guān)，但是這些不同因素對冷漠的三個方面的貢獻(xiàn)存在顯著差異。更具體地說，預(yù)期愉悅和身體機(jī)能的影響對認(rèn)知的影響比對情緒冷漠的影響更大。相反，獎勵感的影響雖然很小，但對情感冷漠的影響會稍強(qiáng)一些。關(guān)于行為冷漠，我們再次發(fā)現(xiàn)了類似的潛在變量，除了認(rèn)知功能的影響在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上不顯著。我們的研究結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)，需要考慮無癡呆癥的老年人冷漠不同方面涉及的各種機(jī)制，不僅包括認(rèn)知因素，還包括動機(jī)變量和與身體殘疾有關(guān)的方面。電子的補(bǔ)充材料本文的在線版本（doi：10.1007 / s11357-016-9916-z）包含補(bǔ)充材料，授權(quán)用戶可以使用。

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