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首頁> 美國(guó)衛(wèi)生研究院文獻(xiàn)>Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine / Annual Scientific Conference >Pedestrian and Pedalcyclist Injury Costs in the United States by Age and Injury Severity
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Pedestrian and Pedalcyclist Injury Costs in the United States by Age and Injury Severity

機(jī)譯：美國(guó)按年齡和傷害嚴(yán)重程度劃分的行人和腳踏車傷害成本

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This paper estimates the incidence, unit costs, and annual costs of pedestrian and pedalcycle crash injuries in the United States. It includes medical care costs, household and wage work losses, and the value of pain, suffering, and lost quality of life. The estimates are broken down by body region and severity. They rely heavily on data from the health care system. Costs of pedestrian and pedalcycle injuries in 2000 will total $40 billion over the lifetimes of the injured. Most pedalcyclist injury costs and half of pedestrian injury costs do not involve motor vehicles. Youth ages 5–14 face greater annual risks when walking or driving their own pedaled vehicles than when being driven. Children under age 5 experience higher costs than their elders when injured as pedestrians. Our results suggest European and Japanese component tests used to design pedestrian injury countermeasures for motor vehicles are too narrow. Separate lower limb testing is needed for younger children. Testing for torso/vertebral column injury of adults also seems desirable.
機(jī)譯：本文估算了美國(guó)行人和腳踏車碰撞傷害的發(fā)生率，單位成本以及年度成本。它包括醫(yī)療保健費(fèi)用，家庭和工資工作損失，以及痛苦，折磨和生活質(zhì)量損失的價(jià)值。估計(jì)值按身體部位和嚴(yán)重程度細(xì)分。他們嚴(yán)重依賴衛(wèi)生保健系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)。在受傷的生命周期中，2000年行人和腳踏車受傷的總成本將達(dá)到400億美元。大多數(shù)騎自行車的人受傷成本和行人受傷成本的一半不涉及機(jī)動(dòng)車輛。 5-14歲的年輕人在步行或駕駛自己的踏板車時(shí)面臨的年度風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要比被駕駛時(shí)更大。 5歲以下的兒童在作為行人受傷時(shí)，承受的費(fèi)用要比長(zhǎng)者高。我們的結(jié)果表明，用于設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)動(dòng)車行人傷害對(duì)策的歐洲和日本組件測(cè)試范圍太窄。年幼的孩子需要單獨(dú)的下肢測(cè)試。成人的軀干/脊柱損傷的測(cè)試似乎也很必要。

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