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首頁> 美國衛(wèi)生研究院文獻>Annals of the Entomological Society of America >Differential Survivorship of Invasive Mosquito Species in South Florida Cemeteries: Do Site-Specific Microclimates Explain Patterns of Coexistence and Exclusion?
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Differential Survivorship of Invasive Mosquito Species in South Florida Cemeteries: Do Site-Specific Microclimates Explain Patterns of Coexistence and Exclusion?

機譯：南佛羅里達州公墓中入侵蚊子的差異性生存：特定地點的微氣候是否解釋了共存和排斥的模式？

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Within 2 yr of the arrival of the invasive container mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse), the previously dominant invasive mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.) disappeared from many Florida cemeteries. At some cemeteries, however, Ae. aegypti populations seem stable despite Ae. albopictus invasion. We sought to understand this variation in the outcome (exclusion, coexistence) of this invasion, given that previous experiments show that Ae. albopictus is the superior larval competitor. We tested experimentally the hypothesis that climate-dependent egg survivorship differs between exclusion and coexistence cemeteries and that differences in invasion outcome are associated with microclimate. Viability of eggs oviposited in the laboratory and suspended in vases at six cemeteries was significantly greater for Ae. aegypti than for Ae. albopictus, and greater in 2001 than in 2006. Cemeteries differed significantly in egg survivorship of Ae. albopictus, but not of Ae. aegypti, which is consistent with the hypothesis that Ae. albopictus suffers site-specific, climate-driven egg mortality that mitigates the competitive superiority of larval Ae. albopictus. Principal component (PC) analysis of microclimate records from vases during the experiments yielded three PCs accounting for >96% of the variance in both years of experiments. Multivariate analysis of variance of the three PCs revealed significant microclimate differences among the six cemeteries and between exclusion versus coexistence cemeteries. Stepwise logistic regression of egg survivorship versus microclimate PCs yielded significant fits for both species, and twice as much variance explained for Ae. albopictus as for Ae. aegypti in both years. Higher mortalities in 2006 were associated with high average daily maximum temperatures in vases, with lethal thresholds for both species at ≈40°C. From 1990 to 2007, vase occupancy by Ae. albopictus increased and that by Ae. aegypti decreased, with increasing seasonal precipitation at one well-sampled cemetery. Results support the hypothesis that locally variable climate-driven mortality of Ae. albopictus eggs contributes to patterns of exclusion of, or coexistence with, Ae. aegypti.
機譯：在侵入性容器蚊Aedes albopictus（Skuse）到達的2年內(nèi)，以前占優(yōu)勢的侵入性蚊埃及伊蚊（L.）從許多佛羅里達公墓中消失了。然而，在一些公墓，Ae。盡管有ae，埃及人的種群似乎穩(wěn)定。白化病入侵。鑒于先前的實驗表明Ae，我們試圖了解這種入侵的結(jié)果（排斥，共存）的這種變化。白化病是幼蟲的主要競爭者。我們通過實驗測試了以下假設(shè)：氣候依賴的卵子存活率在排斥公墓和共存公墓之間存在差異，并且入侵結(jié)局的差異與小氣候有關(guān)。對于Ae而言，在實驗室中排卵并懸浮在六個公墓的花瓶中的卵的存活率明顯更高。埃及比阿伊。 albopictus，并且在2001年比2006年有所增加。墓地的Ae卵存活率存在顯著差異。 albopictus，但不是Ae。 aegypti，這與Ae的假設(shè)是一致的。白化病因特定地點而受氣候驅(qū)動的卵死亡率降低，從而降低了幼蟲Ae的競爭優(yōu)勢。白化病。在實驗過程中對花瓶的小氣候記錄進行主成分（PC）分析后，得出了三臺PC，在這兩個實驗的兩年中，它們占變異的> 96％。對三臺PC的方差進行多變量分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)六座公墓之間以及排斥與共存公墓之間存在明顯的微氣候差異。卵存活率與小氣候PC的逐步logistic回歸表明，這兩個物種均具有顯著的擬合度，而Ae的方差則是其兩倍。 Ae的白化病。兩年中的埃及。 2006年較高的死亡率與花瓶中的每日平均最高氣溫較高相關(guān)，兩種物種的致命閾值均在≈40°C時出現(xiàn)。從1990年到2007年，花瓶由Ae占用。白紋病增加，而Ae。在一座采樣良好的墓地，埃及埃及人的數(shù)量有所減少，隨著季節(jié)降水的增加。結(jié)果支持這樣的假說，即Ae的局部氣候驅(qū)動死亡率。白皮蛋有助于排除或與 Ae共存。埃及。

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