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首頁> 美國衛(wèi)生研究院文獻(xiàn)>Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences >Waging War on Mosquitoes: Scientific Research and the Formation of Mosquito Brigades in French West Africa 1899–1920
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Waging War on Mosquitoes: Scientific Research and the Formation of Mosquito Brigades in French West Africa 1899–1920

機(jī)譯：對蚊子發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭：1899–1920年法國西非的科學(xué)研究與蚊子旅的形成

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While the majority of colonial public health officials in Africa intermittently used measures for mosquito containment, the government of French West Africa made the creation of what were called mosquito brigades into a vital element of urban sanitary policy. The project seemed to offer a chance to curb the impact of mosquito-borne disease on the colonial economy. Yet, despite the full support of sanitary policy on the federal, colonial, and local levels, the government found that conducting a “War on Mosquitoes” was far more difficult than they originally envisioned. The colonial government's mosquito brigades were understaffed and often ran into resistance from both the African and European populations. Above all, the government's urban mosquito control programs failed because their goal of controlling the breeding of mosquitoes lay beyond the limited capabilities of the both local government and the Federation's health and sanitation services. This paper will examine the origins and fate of the French West African mosquito brigades and provide a context for analyzing their atypical place among colonial efforts at malaria prevention.
機(jī)譯：盡管非洲大多數(shù)殖民地公共衛(wèi)生官員間歇性地使用了措施來控制蚊子，但法屬西非政府已將創(chuàng)建所謂的“蚊子旅”作為城市衛(wèi)生政策的重要組成部分。該項(xiàng)目似乎為遏制蚊媒疾病對殖民地經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響提供了機(jī)會(huì)。然而，盡管在聯(lián)邦，殖民地和地方各級(jí)全面支持衛(wèi)生政策，但政府發(fā)現(xiàn)開展“蚊子戰(zhàn)爭”比他們最初設(shè)想的要困難得多。殖民地政府的蚊帳人手不足，常常遭到非洲和歐洲人口的抵抗。最重要的是，政府的城市滅蚊計(jì)劃失敗了，因?yàn)槠淇刂莆米臃敝车哪繕?biāo)超出了地方政府和聯(lián)邦衛(wèi)生與衛(wèi)生服務(wù)局的能力范圍。本文將研究法屬西非蚊帳的起源和命運(yùn)，并為分析其在預(yù)防瘧疾的殖民努力中的非典型地位提供背景。

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