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首頁> 美國衛(wèi)生研究院文獻(xiàn)>Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences >Neuro Psychiatry 1943: The Role of Documentary Film in the Dissemination of Medical Knowledge and Promotion of the U.K. Psychiatric Profession
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Neuro Psychiatry 1943: The Role of Documentary Film in the Dissemination of Medical Knowledge and Promotion of the U.K. Psychiatric Profession

機(jī)譯：1943年的神經(jīng)精神病學(xué)：紀(jì)錄片在醫(yī)學(xué)知識傳播和英國精神病學(xué)專業(yè)推廣中的作用

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In 1943, Basil Wright produced a documentary film about the treatment of servicemen and civilians with psychological disorders at Mill Hill Emergency Medical Service Hospital. Funded by the Ministry of Information, Neuro Psychiatry was shot to convince influential clinicians and policy makers in North America that the British had developed expertise in the management of psychiatric casualties. By emphasizing novel and apparently effective interventions and excluding severe or intractable cases from the film, Wright encouraged an optimistic sense of achievement. Filmed at a time when victory was considered an eventual outcome, the picture presented a health service to which all had access without charge. Children and unemployed women, two groups excluded under the 1911 National Insurance Act, had been required to pay for healthcare in the prewar period and were shown receiving free treatment from the Emergency Medical Service. However, the therapeutic optimism presented in the film proved premature. Most U.K. battle casualties arose in the latter half of the conflict and follow-up studies failed to confirm the positive outcome statistics reported in the film. Aubrey Lewis, clinical director of the hospital, criticized research projects conducted at Mill Hill for a lack of rigor. The cinematographic skills of Wright and director Michael Hankinson, together with their reformist agenda, created a clinical presentation that emphasized achievements without acknowledging the limitations not only of the therapies offered by doctors but also the resources available to a nation at war.
機(jī)譯：1943年，羅勒·賴特（Basil Wright）在米爾山急診醫(yī)療服務(wù)醫(yī)院拍攝了一部紀(jì)錄片，講述了患有心理疾病的軍人和平民的治療情況。神經(jīng)精神病學(xué)由信息部資助，旨在說服北美有影響力的臨床醫(yī)生和政策制定者英國人在精神病傷亡管理方面已經(jīng)發(fā)展了專門知識。通過強(qiáng)調(diào)新穎和明顯有效的干預(yù)措施，并從影片中排除嚴(yán)重或棘手的案件，賴特鼓勵人們保持樂觀的成就感。在勝利被視為最終結(jié)果的時間拍攝的照片展示了一項(xiàng)醫(yī)療服務(wù)，所有人都可以免費(fèi)使用。兒童和失業(yè)婦女是1911年《國家保險法》（National Insurance Act）所排除的兩個群體，被要求在戰(zhàn)前支付醫(yī)療費(fèi)用，并被證明可從緊急醫(yī)療服務(wù)部門獲得免費(fèi)治療。但是，影片中表現(xiàn)出的治療樂觀主義還為時過早。在沖突的后半段，大多數(shù)英國戰(zhàn)斗人員傷亡，后續(xù)研究未能證實(shí)影片中報道的積極結(jié)果。該醫(yī)院臨床主任奧布里·劉易斯（Aubrey Lewis）批評米爾希爾缺乏嚴(yán)格的研究項(xiàng)目。賴特（Wright）和導(dǎo)演邁克爾·漢金森（Michael Hankinson）的攝影技巧，以及他們的改革派議程，創(chuàng)造了一種臨床表現(xiàn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)成就，卻沒有意識到不僅醫(yī)生提供的療法有局限性，而且沒有意識到戰(zhàn)爭中一個國家所能獲得的資源。

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