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In-depth analysis of chloride treatments for thin-film CdTe solar cells

機(jī)譯:薄膜CdTe太陽(yáng)能電池氯化物處理的深入分析

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摘要

CdTe thin-film solar cells are now the main industrially established alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics. These cells remain reliant on the so-called chloride activation step in order to achieve high conversion efficiencies. Here, by comparison of effective and ineffective chloride treatments, we show the main role of the chloride process to be the modification of grain boundaries through chlorine accumulation, which leads an increase in the carrier lifetime. It is also demonstrated that while improvements in fill factor and short circuit current may be achieved through use of the ineffective chlorides, or indeed simple air annealing, voltage improvement is linked directly to chlorine incorporation at the grain boundaries. This suggests that focus on improved or more controlled grain boundary treatments may provide a route to achieving higher cell voltages and thus efficiencies.
機(jī)譯:現(xiàn)在,CdTe薄膜太陽(yáng)能電池已經(jīng)成為硅基光伏產(chǎn)品的主要工業(yè)替代產(chǎn)品。這些電池依賴于所謂的氯化物活化步驟,以實(shí)現(xiàn)高轉(zhuǎn)化效率。在這里,通過(guò)比較有效和無(wú)效的氯化物處理方法,我們顯示出氯化物處理的主要作用是通過(guò)氯的積累改變晶界,從而延長(zhǎng)了載流子的壽命。還證明了盡管可以通過(guò)使用無(wú)效的氯化物或?qū)嶋H上簡(jiǎn)單的空氣退火來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)填充因數(shù)和短路電流的改善,但電壓的改善直接與晶界處氯的摻入有關(guān)。這表明,對(duì)改進(jìn)的或更受控的晶界處理的關(guān)注可能為獲得更高的電池電壓和效率提供一條途徑。

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