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Gender Bias in U.S. Pediatric Growth Hormone Treatment

機譯:美國小兒生長激素治療中的性別偏見

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摘要

Growth hormone (GH) treatment of idiopathic short stature (ISS), defined as height <−2.25 standard deviations (SD), is approved by U.S. FDA. This study determined the gender-specific prevalence of height <−2.25 SD in a pediatric primary care population, and compared it to demographics of U.S. pediatric GH recipients. Data were extracted from health records of all patients age 0.5–20 years with ≥ 1 recorded height measurement in 28 regional primary care practices and from the four U.S. GH registries. Height <−2.25 SD was modeled by multivariable logistic regression against gender and other characteristics. Of the 189,280 subjects, 2073 (1.1%) had height <−2.25 SD. No gender differences in prevalence of height <−2.25 SD or distribution of height Z-scores were found. In contrast, males comprised 74% of GH recipients for ISS and 66% for all indications. Short stature was associated (P < 0.0001) with history of prematurity, race/ethnicity, age and Medicaid insurance, and inversely related (P < 0.0001) with BMI Z-score. In conclusion, males outnumbered females almost 3:1 for ISS and 2:1 for all indications in U.S. pediatric GH registries despite no gender difference in height <−2.25 SD in a large primary care population. Treatment and/or referral bias was the likely cause of male predominance among GH recipients.
機譯:美國食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局(FDA)批準了生長激素(GH)治療特發(fā)性矮小身材(ISS)的定義為身高<-2.25標準差(SD)。這項研究確定了兒科初級保健人群中身高低于-2.25 SD的性別特定患病率,并將其與美國兒科GH接受者的人口統(tǒng)計學進行了比較。數(shù)據(jù)是從28個地區(qū)初級保健實踐中所有年齡在0.5-20歲且≥1個記錄的身高測量值的患者的健康記錄中以及美國的四個GH注冊表中提取的。身高<-2.25 SD通過針對性別和其他特征的多變量邏輯回歸建模。在189,280名受試者中,有2073名(1.1%)的身高<-2.25 SD。未發(fā)現(xiàn)身高<-2.25 SD的患病率或身高Z分數(shù)的分布存在性別差異。相比之下,男性占ISS的GH接受者的74%,所有適應癥占66%。身材矮小與早產(chǎn),種族/民族,年齡和醫(yī)療補助保險史相關(P <0.0001),與BMI Z評分呈負相關(P <0.0001)。總之,盡管在大型初級保健人群中,身高<-2.25 SD的性別沒有差異,但在美國兒科GH登記冊中,在所有兒童中,ISS的男性比例幾乎超過女性,而女性的比例幾乎為2:1。治療和/或轉診偏見是GH接受者中男性占主導地位的可能原因。

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