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首頁> 美國衛(wèi)生研究院文獻>Genome Biology and Evolution >Genetic Architecture of Natural Variation Underlying Adult Foraging Behavior That Is Essential for Survival of Drosophila melanogaster
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Genetic Architecture of Natural Variation Underlying Adult Foraging Behavior That Is Essential for Survival of Drosophila melanogaster

機譯：成年覓食行為對果蠅生存至關(guān)重要的自然變異的遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)。

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Foraging behavior is critical for the fitness of individuals. However, the genetic basis of variation in foraging behavior and the evolutionary forces underlying such natural variation have rarely been investigated. We developed a systematic approach to assay the variation in survival rate in a foraging environment for adult flies derived from a wild Drosophila melanogaster population. Despite being such an essential trait, there is substantial variation of foraging behavior among D. melanogaster strains. Importantly, we provided the first evaluation of the potential caveats of using inbred Drosophila strains to perform genome-wide association studies on life-history traits, and concluded that inbreeding depression is unlikely a major contributor for the observed large variation in adult foraging behavior. We found that adult foraging behavior has a strong genetic component and, unlike larval foraging behavior, depends on multiple loci. Identified candidate genes are enriched in those with high expression in adult heads and, demonstrated by expression knock down assay, are involved in maintaining normal functions of the nervous system. Our study not only identified candidate genes for foraging behavior that is relevant to individual fitness, but also shed light on the initial stage underlying the evolution of the behavior.
機譯：覓食行為對于個體的健康至關(guān)重要。然而，很少研究覓食行為變異的遺傳基礎(chǔ)和這種自然變異的進化力。我們開發(fā)了一種系統(tǒng)的方法來分析覓食環(huán)境中成年果蠅的成活率變化，這些成年果蠅來自野生果蠅。盡管具有如此重要的性狀，但黑腹果蠅菌株之間的覓食行為卻存在很大差異。重要的是，我們對使用近交果蠅菌株對生活史特征進行全基因組關(guān)聯(lián)研究的潛在警告進行了首次評估，并得出結(jié)論，近交抑郁癥不太可能是觀察到的成年覓食行為大差異的主要因素。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，成年覓食行為具有很強的遺傳成分，與幼蟲覓食行為不同，它取決于多個基因座。鑒定出的候選基因豐富了在成人頭部中高表達的候選基因，并且通過表達敲除試驗證明了這些候選基因與維持神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的正常功能有關(guān)。我們的研究不僅確定了與個體適應(yīng)性有關(guān)的覓食行為候選基因，而且闡明了行為進化的基礎(chǔ)初始階段。

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