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首頁> 美國衛(wèi)生研究院文獻(xiàn)>Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery >The Confusing World of Dry Powder Inhalers: It Is All About Inspiratory Pressures Not Inspiratory Flow Rates
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The Confusing World of Dry Powder Inhalers: It Is All About Inspiratory Pressures Not Inspiratory Flow Rates

機譯:干粉吸入器令人困惑的世界:這全與吸氣壓力有關(guān)而不是吸氣流速

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摘要

Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) all have the ability to aerosolize dry powders, but they each offer different operating mechanisms and resistances to inhaled airflow. This variety has resulted in both clinician and patient confusion concerning DPI performance, use, and effectiveness. Particularly, there is a growing misconception that a single peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR) can determine a patient's ability to use a DPI effectively, regardless of its design or airflow resistance. For this review article, we have sifted through the relevant literature concerning DPIs, inspiratory pressures, and inspiratory flow rates to provide a comprehensive and concise discussion and recommendations for DPI use. We ultimately clarify that the controlling parameter for DPI performance is not the PIFR but the negative pressure generated by the patient's inspiratory effort. A pressure drop ~≥1?kPa (~10?cm H O) with any DPI is a reasonable threshold above which a patient should receive an adequate lung dose. Overall, we explore the underlying factors controlling inspiratory pressures, flow rates and dispensing, and dispersion characteristics of the various DPIs to clarify that inspiratory pressures, not flow rates, limit and control a patient's ability to generate sufficient flow for effective DPI use.
機譯:干粉吸入器(DPI)均具有霧化干粉的能力,但是它們各自提供不同的操作機制和對吸入氣流的阻力。這種多樣性導(dǎo)致臨床醫(yī)生和患者對DPI性能,用途和有效性的困惑。特別是,越來越多的誤解是,單峰吸氣流速(PIFR)可以確定患者有效使用DPI的能力,無論其設(shè)計或氣流阻力如何。在這篇綜述文章中,我們篩選了有關(guān)DPI,吸氣壓力和吸氣流速的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),以提供有關(guān)DPI使用的全面而簡潔的討論和建議。我們最終闡明,DPI性能的控制參數(shù)不是PIFR,而是患者吸氣努力產(chǎn)生的負(fù)壓。任何DPI的壓力降≥≥1kPa(?10 cm H O)是一個合理的閾值,高于此閾值患者應(yīng)接受足夠的肺部劑量。總體而言,我們探討了控制各種DPI的吸氣壓力,流速和分配以及分散特性的潛在因素,以闡明吸氣壓力而非流速限制并控制了患者產(chǎn)生足夠流量以有效使用DPI的能力。

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