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The importance of imaging strategies for pre-clinical and clinical in vivo distribution of oncolytic viruses

機(jī)譯:成像策略對(duì)溶瘤病毒的臨床前和臨床體內(nèi)分布的重要性

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摘要

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are an emergent and unique therapy for cancer patients. Similar to chemo- and radiation therapy, OV can lyse (kill) cancer cell directly. In general, the advantages of OVs over other treatments are primarily: a higher safety profile (as shown by less adverse effects), ability to replicate, transgene(s) delivery, and stimulation of a host’s immune system against cancer. The latter has prompted successful use of OVs with other immunotherapeutic strategies in a synergistic manner. In spite of extended testing in pre-clinical and clinical setting, using biologically derived therapeutics like virus always raises potential concerns about safety (replication at non-intended locations) and bio-availability of the product. Recent advent in in vivo imaging techniques dramatically improves the convenience of use, quality of pictures, and amount of information acquired. Easy assessing of safety/localization of the biotherapeutics like OVs became a new potential weapon in the physician’s arsenal to improve treatment outcome. Given that OVs are typically replicating, in vivo imaging can also track virus replication and persistence as well as precisely mapping tumor tissues presence. This review discusses the importance of imaging in vivo in evaluating OV efficacy, as well as currently available tools and techniques.
機(jī)譯:溶瘤病毒(OVs)是針對(duì)癌癥患者的一種新興且獨(dú)特的療法。與化學(xué)療法和放射療法相似,OV可以直接裂解(殺死)癌細(xì)胞。通常,與其他療法相比,OVs的優(yōu)勢(shì)主要在于:更高的安全性(如不良反應(yīng)更少所示),復(fù)制能力,轉(zhuǎn)基因遞送和刺激宿主抵抗癌癥的免疫系統(tǒng)。后者促使OV與其他免疫治療策略以協(xié)同方式成功使用。盡管在臨床前和臨床環(huán)境中進(jìn)行了廣泛的測(cè)試,但使用諸如病毒之類的生物衍生療法始終會(huì)引起對(duì)產(chǎn)品安全性(在非預(yù)期位置復(fù)制)和產(chǎn)品生物利用度的潛在擔(dān)憂。體內(nèi)成像技術(shù)的最新出現(xiàn)極大地提高了使用的便利性,圖片的質(zhì)量以及所獲取的信息量。輕松評(píng)估諸如OVs之類的生物療法的安全性/局部性已成為醫(yī)師軍械庫(kù)中改善治療結(jié)果的一種新的潛在武器。考慮到OV通常在復(fù)制,體內(nèi)成像還可以跟蹤病毒復(fù)制和持久性,以及精確地繪制腫瘤組織的存在。這篇評(píng)論討論了體內(nèi)成像在評(píng)估OV有效性中的重要性,以及目前可用的工具和技術(shù)。

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