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首頁(yè)> 外文期刊>Bulletin of engineering geology and the environment >Apport d'une base de donnees d'eboulements rocheux obtenue par scanner laser dans la caracterisation des conditions de rupture et processus associes
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Apport d'une base de donnees d'eboulements rocheux obtenue par scanner laser dans la caracterisation des conditions de rupture et processus associes

機(jī)譯：激光掃描儀在破裂條件和相關(guān)過程的表征中獲得的巖石數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的貢獻(xiàn)

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Using laser scanner data, an exhaustive rockfall database has been established for a rockwall located near the town of Grenoble (France). The study site is a long double cliff, on the eastern border of the Chartreuse Massif. The two cliffs consist respectively of thinly bedded and massive limestone, which show different structures, morphologies and rockfall activities. The 3D point clouds obtained by laser scanner allow to detect and model the fallen compartments in 3D. Information about cliff surface, and localization, dimensions, failure mechanism for each compartment were obtained and analyzed in order to characterize the morphological evolutions of the cliffs. It appears that the morphology and the slope of the lower cliff is related to fracturing and torrential erosion which occurs in the marls below the cliff, showing a rockfall frequency 22 times higher than for the upper cliff. These results show that the erosion process in the lower cliff is in a transient state, whereas it could be in a steady state in the upper cliff. Rockfalls have been dated by a near-continuous photographic survey (1 photo each 10mn) and a monthly survey during 2.5years. The analysis of the two data bases shows that the rockfall frequency is 7 times higher during freeze-thaw episodes than without meteorological event, and 4.5 times higher during rainfall episodes. Moreover, it becomes 26 times higher when the mean rainfall intensity is higher than 5mm/h. Based on these results, a 3-level hazard scale has been proposed for hazard prediction.
機(jī)譯：使用激光掃描儀數(shù)據(jù)，已經(jīng)為位于格勒諾布爾鎮(zhèn)附近的Rockwall（法國(guó)）附近的搖滾墻建立了詳盡的巖石數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。該研究遺址是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)的雙懸崖，在Chartreuse Massif的東邊界。兩個(gè)懸崖分別包括薄層和巨大的石灰?guī)r，其顯示不同的結(jié)構(gòu)，形態(tài)和巖石活動(dòng)。通過激光掃描儀獲得的3D點(diǎn)云允許在3D中檢測(cè)和模擬倒下的隔間。獲得并分析了關(guān)于懸崖表面的信息，以及每個(gè)隔室的定位，尺寸，故障機(jī)構(gòu)，以表征懸崖的形態(tài)演進(jìn)。似乎，下懸崖的形態(tài)和斜率與壓裂和暴腐腐蝕有關(guān)，其發(fā)生在懸崖下方的沼澤中，顯示出比上懸崖高22倍的巖石頻率。這些結(jié)果表明，下懸崖中的侵蝕過程處于瞬態(tài)狀態(tài)，而它可能處于上懸崖上的穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)。巖石已經(jīng)被近連續(xù)的攝影調(diào)查（每10mn）和每月的每月調(diào)查日期為2.5年的調(diào)查。兩種數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的分析表明，凍融發(fā)作期間的巖石頻率比沒有氣象事件的7倍，降雨過程中的4.5倍。此外，當(dāng)平均降雨強(qiáng)度高于5mm / h時(shí)，它變得26倍?；谶@些結(jié)果，提出了一種用于危害預(yù)測(cè)的3級(jí)危險(xiǎn)量表。

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