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首頁(yè)> 外文期刊>PARTECIPAZIONE E CONFLITTO >Beyond Essentialist and Functionalist Analyses of the 'Politicisation of Religion': The Evolution of Religious Parties in Political Catholicism and Political Islam
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Beyond Essentialist and Functionalist Analyses of the 'Politicisation of Religion': The Evolution of Religious Parties in Political Catholicism and Political Islam

機(jī)譯：超越本質(zhì)主義和功能主義的“宗教政治化”分析：政治天主教和政治伊斯蘭中宗教政黨的演變

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The debate about “politics and religion” has already rejected essentialist claims of fundamental differences in the impact of religion on politics in different cultures. This article will argue that political Islam in Turkey and political Catholicism in Italy and Germany adopted remarkably similar patterns of cross-class coalitions and policies for a “reconciliation of capitalism and democracy”. First, religious parties developed as mass integration parties which already encompassed cross-class coalitions. Second, in the aftermath of political and economic crises these parties transformed into catch-all parties with a pronounced neo-liberal agenda which was given a religious justification. Third, at the same time these parties continued to sponsor policies and organizations which cushioned and supplemented an uneven economic development. Fourth, the parties kept traditional family policies which helped attracting a significant female electorate. “Organized religion” provided religious parties with a potential electorate, ancillary organizations and ideological concepts; however, their role in this political evolution changed. The conclusion will discuss whether these findings can be generalized.
機(jī)譯：關(guān)于“政治與宗教”的辯論已經(jīng)拒絕了本質(zhì)主義的主張，即宗教對(duì)不同文化的政治影響存在根本差異。本文將論證土耳其的政治伊斯蘭教和意大利和德國(guó)的政治天主教采取了極為相似的跨階級(jí)聯(lián)盟和政策模式，以實(shí)現(xiàn)“資本主義與民主的和解”。首先，宗教政黨發(fā)展為已經(jīng)包括跨階級(jí)聯(lián)盟的群眾融合政黨。其次，在政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)之后，這些政黨轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榫哂忻鞔_的新自由主義議程的包羅萬(wàn)象的政黨，并給予了宗教上的理由。第三，與此同時(shí)，這些政黨繼續(xù)贊助政策和組織，以緩解和補(bǔ)充不平衡的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。第四，政黨保留了傳統(tǒng)的家庭政策，這有助于吸引大量女性選民。 “有組織的宗教”為政黨提供了潛在的選民，輔助組織和意識(shí)形態(tài)概念;但是，他們?cè)谶@一政治演變中的作用發(fā)生了變化。結(jié)論將討論這些發(fā)現(xiàn)是否可以推廣。

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