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Hierarchical Flow Model-Based Impact Assessment of Cyberattacks for Critical Infrastructures

機(jī)譯:基于分層流模型的關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊影響評(píng)估

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摘要

Critical infrastructures (CIs) are essential for the national security, economy, and public safety, whose protection against cyberattacks has become the focus of significant attention. Impact assessment plays an important role in this protection, which provides real-time situations for security managers. The assessment of CIs not only need to analyze the cyberattack's impact on any specific station, but also to consider the spreading process of the negative impact. However, few research in this domain consider the above two aspects simultaneously due to the complexity of CIs and their operation. To tackle this problem, a hierarchical flow model (HFM)-based impact assessment is presented. In this approach, a novel HFM method is proposed to describe a system from a function system perspective, which combines a flow model and hierarchical knowledge. By using this method, a CI model which considers cyber-physical interaction within a station, dependence among stations, and the topological structure of the physical network is established. Next, based on the CI model, an impact assessment is proposed to quantify the loss which is caused by the impact spreading within the CI network. Finally, case studies on a gas supply system are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
機(jī)譯:關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施(CI)對(duì)于國(guó)家安全,經(jīng)濟(jì)和公共安全至關(guān)重要,而針對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊的保護(hù)已成為重要關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。影響評(píng)估在這種保護(hù)中起著重要作用,它為安全管理人員提供了實(shí)時(shí)情況。 CI的評(píng)估不僅需要分析網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊對(duì)任何特定站點(diǎn)的影響,還需要考慮負(fù)面影響的傳播過(guò)程。但是,由于CI的復(fù)雜性及其操作,很少有研究同時(shí)考慮以上兩個(gè)方面。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題,提出了一種基于層次流模型(HFM)的影響評(píng)估。在這種方法中,從功能系統(tǒng)的角度提出了一種新穎的HFM方法來(lái)描述系統(tǒng),該方法結(jié)合了流模型和分層知識(shí)。通過(guò)使用此方法,建立了一個(gè)CI模型,該模型考慮了站內(nèi)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)物理交互,站之間的依賴性以及物理網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)。接下來(lái),基于CI模型,提出了影響評(píng)估,以量化由CI網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的影響擴(kuò)散所造成的損失。最后,對(duì)供氣系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了案例研究,以驗(yàn)證所提出方法的有效性。

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