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首頁> 外文學(xué)位 >The risk of fatal injury associated with light trucks during two-vehicle crashes: Estimating equations and conditional maximum likelihood analyses of matched-pair cohort data.
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The risk of fatal injury associated with light trucks during two-vehicle crashes: Estimating equations and conditional maximum likelihood analyses of matched-pair cohort data.

機譯：輕型卡車在兩車相撞期間可能導(dǎo)致致命傷害的風(fēng)險：配對隊列數(shù)據(jù)的估計方程式和條件最大似然分析。

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摘要

The purpose of this study was to estimate the extent to which light trucks influence the risk of fatal injury to drivers of passenger cars when light trucks and cars are involved in severe collisions. A matched-pair cohort design was applied to data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System for years 1995 through 2001. Data were modeled with a Mantel-Haenszel tabular method, estimating equations risk ratio models, conditional maximum likelihood Poisson models, and conditional maximum likelihood logistic models.;Estimated risk ratios, comparing fatality risks for car drivers with those for light truck drivers, increased as the disparity in vehicle size increased.;Also positively associated with driver death risk were higher age, alcohol use, female sex, absence of seat belt use, air bag non-deployment, and impact to the left or right side of vehicle.;Despite the fact that both passenger cars and light trucks generally perform well in crash tests, this study found that car drivers experienced a strikingly higher risk of death when the two vehicle types were involved in traffic collisions in the US. The marked differences in driver fatality risks are likely attributable to a severe incompatibility due to physical and design differences between cars and light trucks. It appears that passenger cars do not protect car occupants as intended because of the marked differences in the physical characteristics of the vehicles. Car safety features, such as crumple zones, may not perform correctly during collisions with light trucks. Efforts should be made to reduce the design incompatibilities that exist between the numerous types of passenger vehicles produced for the US market.
機譯：這項研究的目的是估計當(dāng)輕型卡車與汽車發(fā)生嚴(yán)重碰撞時，輕型卡車對乘用車司機致命傷害的危險程度。配對對隊列設(shè)計應(yīng)用于1995年至2001年的“死亡分析報告”系統(tǒng)中的數(shù)據(jù)。使用Mantel-Haenszel表格方法，估計方程風(fēng)險比模型，條件最大似然Poisson模型和條件最大似然Logistic建模數(shù)據(jù)模型;隨著汽車尺寸差異的增加，將汽車司機和輕型卡車司機的死亡風(fēng)險進(jìn)行比較的估計風(fēng)險比增加了;還與駕駛員死亡風(fēng)險呈正相關(guān)，包括年齡增長，飲酒，女性，無座位安全帶的使用，安全氣囊的未展開以及對車輛左側(cè)或右側(cè)的影響。盡管事實上，乘用車和輕型卡車在碰撞測試中均表現(xiàn)良好，但該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，汽車駕駛員遭受撞擊的風(fēng)險明顯更高。當(dāng)這兩種類型的車輛在美國發(fā)生交通事故時死亡。駕駛員死亡風(fēng)險的顯著差異可能是由于轎車與輕型卡車之間在物理和設(shè)計上的差異而導(dǎo)致的嚴(yán)重不兼容。由于車輛的物理特性明顯不同，因此乘用車似乎不能按預(yù)期保護乘員。與輕型卡車相撞期間，汽車安全功能（例如，壓皺區(qū)域）可能無法正確執(zhí)行。應(yīng)努力減少為美國市場生產(chǎn)的多種類型乘用車之間存在的設(shè)計不兼容性。

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  • 作者

    Rice, Thomas Matthew.;

  • 作者單位

    University of California, Los Angeles.;

  • 授予單位 University of California, Los Angeles.;
  • 學(xué)科 Public health.
  • 學(xué)位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 頁碼 88 p.
  • 總頁數(shù) 88
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文語種 eng
  • 中圖分類
  • 關(guān)鍵詞

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