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首頁> 外文學(xué)位 >Disability and labor market outcomes in the United States: Exploring the linkage between disability, education, and labor market earnings.
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Disability and labor market outcomes in the United States: Exploring the linkage between disability, education, and labor market earnings.

機(jī)譯：美國的殘疾與勞動(dòng)力市場成果：探索殘疾，教育與勞動(dòng)力市場收入之間的聯(lián)系。

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Disabled individuals have long faced social and physical barriers to entering the U.S. labor force. The 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), a key piece of civil rights legislation for the disabled community, aimed to curb the discrimination in hiring and employment practices, and to improve labor market outcomes for disabled workers. This study seeks to investigate the link between disabilities and the social ability to be equally successful as non-disabled individuals in the U.S. labor market, particularly examining the relationships between disability, educational attainment, and labor market outcomes. Using disability supplementary data from the January 2009 Current Population Survey produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, this study finds a substantial and statistically significant negative impact of having a disability on the social ability to secure equal wage rates in the job marketplace: workers with a disability, on average, earned approximately 21 percent less in weekly wages than their non-disabled counterparts, holding other factors constant. When incorporating the interactive effects of disability on education, the effect of education on wages is also conditioned by the fact that disability status affects the level of education, and this relationship is statistically significant. These findings support the existing body of literature on disability in the United States in suggesting that the ADA is simply not sufficient in leveling the proverbial playing field for employed individuals whose disabilities require actual accommodation. Significant areas of further research using this data would include executing comparisons amongst disability types and labor market outcomes; a better understanding of disability discrimination and social handicaps could result refinements and improvements of both ADA policy and inclusion programs to mitigate this added burden on disabled individuals.
機(jī)譯：殘障人士長期以來在進(jìn)入美國勞動(dòng)力市場時(shí)面臨社會(huì)和物質(zhì)障礙。 1990年的《美國殘疾人法案》（ADA）是殘疾人社區(qū)的一項(xiàng)重要民權(quán)立法，旨在遏制雇用和就業(yè)實(shí)踐中的歧視，并改善殘疾人的勞動(dòng)力市場成果。這項(xiàng)研究旨在調(diào)查殘疾與社會(huì)能力之間的聯(lián)系，使其與美國勞動(dòng)力市場中的非殘疾人個(gè)人同樣成功，特別是研究殘疾，教育程度和勞動(dòng)力市場成果之間的關(guān)系。這項(xiàng)研究使用了由勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局（Bureau of Labor Statistics）于2009年1月進(jìn)行的當(dāng)前人口調(diào)查得出的殘疾補(bǔ)充數(shù)據(jù)，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，殘疾對在就業(yè)市場上確保同等工資率的社會(huì)能力產(chǎn)生了重大且具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義的負(fù)面影響：在其他因素不變的情況下，殘疾平均每周的工資比非殘疾工人低約21％。當(dāng)納入殘疾對教育的互動(dòng)影響時(shí)，教育對工資的影響還受到以下事實(shí)的制約：殘疾狀況會(huì)影響教育水平，并且這種關(guān)系具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)支持了美國現(xiàn)有的有關(guān)殘疾的文獻(xiàn)，表明ADA根本不足以為需要實(shí)際適應(yīng)能力的受雇人員提供一個(gè)公平的競爭環(huán)境。使用這些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步研究的重要領(lǐng)域?qū)ㄔ跉埣差愋秃蛣趧?dòng)力市場結(jié)果之間進(jìn)行比較；對殘障歧視和社會(huì)障礙的更好理解可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致ADA政策和融入計(jì)劃的改進(jìn)和改進(jìn)，以減輕殘障人士的額外負(fù)擔(dān)。

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