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首頁> 外文期刊>AAPG Bulletin >Developing a model discrete fracture network, drilling, and enhanced oil recovery strategy in an unconventional naturally fractured reservoir using integrated field, image log, and three-dimensional seismic data
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Developing a model discrete fracture network, drilling, and enhanced oil recovery strategy in an unconventional naturally fractured reservoir using integrated field, image log, and three-dimensional seismic data

機(jī)譯：利用整合的場，圖像測井和三維地震數(shù)據(jù)，在非常規(guī)天然裂縫儲層中開發(fā)模型離散裂縫網(wǎng)絡(luò)，鉆探和增強(qiáng)采油策略

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In this study, we develop a model discrete fracture network (DFN) for the unconventional, naturally fractured Tensleep Sandstone oil reservoir at Teapot Dome, Wyoming. Reservoir characterization is based on three-dimensional (3D) seismic data, fracture image logs from Teapot Dome, and field observations of the Tensleep exposure in the Alcova anticline and Fremont Canyon areas. Image logs reveal that the dominant reservoir fracture set trends parallel to the present-day maximum horizontal compressive stress (S-Hmax) inferred from drilling induced fractures. Analog field studies of the Alcova anticline and Fremont Canyon suggest fracture heights and lengths are power-law distributed, while the fracture spacing distribution is best described as log-normal. Image-log-derived fracture apertures are also log-normally distributed. These properties are incorporated into a model DFN. We assume subseismic folds, faults, and fracture zones control fracture intensity distribution and use composite 3D seismic attributes to locate subtle changes in seismic response interpreted to result from subseismic structure. Directional curvature defines aperture-opening strain normal to the dominant reservoir fracture set. Seismic attributes are scaled and combined to control fracture intensity variations in the model. Grid-cell porosity and permeability distributions derived from the DFN suggest the presence of northeast-southwest-trending reservoir compartments. We suggest that enhanced oil recovery operations may be optimized using lateral CO2 injection and production wells oriented along interpreted compartment boundaries at high angles to S-Hmax. This combination of CO2 injection and production laterals could help maximize CO2 storage and hydrocarbon recovery in depleted reservoirs and in down-dip residual oil zones.
機(jī)譯：在這項(xiàng)研究中，我們?yōu)閼讯砻髦莶鑹伛讽數(shù)姆浅Ｒ?guī)，天然裂縫的Tensleep砂巖油藏開發(fā)了模型離散裂縫網(wǎng)絡(luò)（DFN）。儲層的表征是基于三維（3D）地震數(shù)據(jù)，來自茶壺穹頂?shù)牧芽p圖像測井以及對Alcova背斜和Fremont Canyon地區(qū)Tensleep暴露的現(xiàn)場觀察。圖像記錄顯示，主要的儲集層裂縫趨勢與當(dāng)今由鉆井誘發(fā)的裂縫推斷出的最大水平壓應(yīng)力（S-Hmax）平行。 Alcova背斜線和Fremont Canyon的模擬野外研究表明，裂縫的高度和長度呈冪律分布，而裂縫間距的分布最好用對數(shù)正態(tài)描述。圖像對數(shù)衍生的裂縫孔徑也呈對數(shù)正態(tài)分布。將這些屬性合并到DFN模型中。我們假設(shè)亞地震褶皺，斷層和斷裂帶控制著斷裂強(qiáng)度分布，并使用復(fù)合3D地震屬性來定位地震響應(yīng)中的細(xì)微變化，這些變化是由亞地震結(jié)構(gòu)引起的。方向曲率定義了垂直于主要儲層裂縫組的開孔應(yīng)變。縮放并組合地震屬性，以控制模型中的裂縫強(qiáng)度變化。從DFN得出的網(wǎng)格單元孔隙度和滲透率分布表明存在東北-西南趨勢儲層。我們建議，可以使用側(cè)向CO2注入和沿解釋過的隔室邊界以與S-Hmax成高角度定向的生產(chǎn)井來優(yōu)化采油作業(yè)。二氧化碳注入和生產(chǎn)側(cè)井的這種結(jié)合可以幫助最大限度地減少枯竭的油藏和下傾殘油區(qū)中的二氧化碳存儲和烴采收率。

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