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Dealing with a traumatic past: the victim hearings of the South African truth and reconciliation commission and their reconciliation discourse

機譯：處理創(chuàng)傷性過去：南非真相與和解委員會的受害者聽證會及其和解對話

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In the final years of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first century, there has been a worldwide tendency to approach conflict resolution from a restorative rather than from a retributive perspective. The South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), with its principle of 'amnesty for truth' was a turning point. Based on my discursive research of the TRC victim hearings, I would argue that it was on a discursive level in particular that the Truth Commission has exerted/is still exerting a long-lasting impact on South African society. In this article, three of these features will be highlighted and illustrated: firstly, the TRC provided a discursive forum for thousands of ordinary citizens. Secondly, by means of testimonies from apartheid victims and perpetrators, the TRC composed an officially recognised archive of the apartheid past. Thirdly, the reconciliation discourse created at the TRC victim hearings formed a template for talking about a traumatic past, and it opened up the debate on reconciliation. By discussing these three features and their social impact, it will become clear that the way in which the apartheid past was remembered at the victim hearings seemed to have been determined, not so much by political concerns, but mainly by social needs.
機譯：在二十世紀的最后幾年和二十一世紀初，世界范圍內趨向于從恢復性而非報應性的角度來解決沖突。南非真相與和解委員會（TRC）的“大赦真理”原則是一個轉折點。根據(jù)我對真相與和解委員會受害者聽證會的話語研究，我認為真相委員會尤其是在話語層面上對南非社會施加了/仍在長期發(fā)揮著影響。在本文中，將突出顯示這些功能中的三個：首先，真相與和解委員會為成千上萬的普通市民提供了一個討論會。第二，真相與和解委員會通過種族隔離受害者和犯罪者的證詞，組成了一個正式承認的種族隔離歷史檔案。第三，在真相與和解委員會受害者聽證會上創(chuàng)建的和解話語構成了談論創(chuàng)傷歷史的模板，這開啟了關于和解的辯論。通過討論這三個特征及其對社會的影響，可以清楚地看到，在受害者聽證會上記住種族隔離的過去的方式似乎已經(jīng)決定，而不是政治問題，而主要是社會需求。

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    Verdoolaege Annelies;

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  • 年度 2009
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