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In pursuit of police professionalism: The development and assessment of a conceptual model of professionalism in law enforcement.

機(jī)譯：追求警察專業(yè)水平：執(zhí)法中專業(yè)水平概念模型的開發(fā)和評(píng)估。

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Adherence to the highest standards and fundamentals of professionalism is essential to the profession of law enforcement. Police professionalism has many meanings but no definitive model of professionalism in policing has been established. Historically, the idea of policing as a profession has emerged slowly. The professional model, as proposed in this research, seeks to define a working model of professionalism in policing. It is proposed that police work is a "true profession," similar to the professions of medicine, law, and education. Advocates of any professional model of policing argue that police officers are experts through training, certification, education, and experience, and thus should be viewed as professionals in every sense of the term.;In selecting the criteria for this developmental model of professionalism, a content analysis of the literature was conducted in order to define key elements of professionalism and professionalism in policing. The development of this descriptive profile resulted in the conceptualization of a professional model utilizing nine criteria, or attributes: high standards of recruitment and selection (civil service), formal education (college) requirements, formal training (police academy) and state certification, state-mandated (annual) specialized training and re-certification, sworn police officers empowered to arrest, armed police officers (firearms), formal policies (departmental) for operations and function, community policing (commitment and service), and accreditation.;Select specialists (N=25) in the field of criminal justice - law enforcement practitioners and higher education faculty - were sampled to assess the proposed model. The focus of this study was that professionalism in policing could be defined and achieved by meeting the established criteria as proposed by the Professional Model of Policing. The results indicate the majority of the specialists in this study felt the proposed model was acceptable, and could serve as a basic blueprint of professionalism in law enforcement, or "ideal type", pending further relevant research on police professionalism.
機(jī)譯：遵守最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和專業(yè)原則對(duì)執(zhí)法行業(yè)至關(guān)重要。警察專業(yè)化具有多種含義，但尚未建立明確的警務(wù)專業(yè)化模式。從歷史上看，警務(wù)作為一種職業(yè)的觀念已經(jīng)慢慢出現(xiàn)。如本研究中所提出的，專業(yè)模型旨在定義警務(wù)領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)精神工作模型。建議警察工作是“真正的職業(yè)”，類似于醫(yī)學(xué)，法律和教育職業(yè)。任何警務(wù)專業(yè)模式的倡導(dǎo)者都認(rèn)為，警察是經(jīng)過培訓(xùn)，認(rèn)證，教育和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的專家，因此應(yīng)從各個(gè)角度上將其視為專業(yè)人員。;在選擇這種專業(yè)發(fā)展模式的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)，進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容分析是為了確定警務(wù)人員的專業(yè)素養(yǎng)和職業(yè)素養(yǎng)的關(guān)鍵要素。這種描述性特征的發(fā)展導(dǎo)致使用九種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或?qū)傩缘膶I(yè)模型的概念化：高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的招聘和選拔（公務(wù)員），正規(guī)教育（學(xué)院）要求，正規(guī)培訓(xùn)（警察學(xué)院）和州認(rèn)證，州-強(qiáng)制性（年度）專業(yè)培訓(xùn)和重新認(rèn)證，授權(quán)逮捕的宣誓警員，武裝警官（槍支），運(yùn)營和職能的正式政策（部門），社區(qū)警務(wù)（承諾和服務(wù)）和認(rèn)證。 （N = 25）在刑事司法領(lǐng)域-執(zhí)法從業(yè)人員和高等教育教師-進(jìn)行了抽樣，以評(píng)估所提議的模型。這項(xiàng)研究的重點(diǎn)是，可以通過遵守警務(wù)專業(yè)模型提出的既定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來定義和實(shí)現(xiàn)警務(wù)專業(yè)。結(jié)果表明，本研究中的大多數(shù)專家認(rèn)為，所提議的模型是可以接受的，并且可以作為執(zhí)法中專業(yè)精神或“理想類型”的基本藍(lán)圖，有待于對(duì)警察專業(yè)精神進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的相關(guān)研究。

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