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首頁> 外文期刊>Tropical Medicine and International Health: TM and IH >Economic evaluation of Mectizan distribution.
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Economic evaluation of Mectizan distribution.

機(jī)譯：Mectizan分布的經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)估。

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The distribution of ivermectin has dramatically altered the nature of onchocerciasis control. Existing economic analyses of ivermectin distribution programmes show that these programmes have a highly beneficial impact. Most analyses have estimated the economic benefits in terms of increased labour productivity as a result of reductions in blindness, and in terms of additional land-availability because of a reduced transmission of the parasite. Economic evaluations of the Onchocerciasis Control Program (OPC) in West Africa have calculated a net present value - equivalent discounted benefits minus discounted costs - of US Dollars 485 million for the programme over a 39-year period, using a conservative 10% rate to discount future health and productivity gains. The net present value for the African Program for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) is calculated at 88 million US dollars over a 21-year time period, also using a 10% discount rate. Cost-effectiveness analyses of ivermectin distribution have found a cost of 14-30 US dollars per disability-adjusted life-year prevented - estimates comparable with other priority disease control programmes. However, the economic success of ivermectin distribution is sensitive to the fact that the drug itself has been donated free of charge. The market value of Merck's donations to the APOC for just 1 year considerably outweighs the benefits calculated for both the OPC and the APOC over the life of these projects. Pending the development of an effective macrofilaricide, the distribution of ivermectin will remain a public health priority into the foreseeable future.
機(jī)譯：伊維菌素的分布已大大改變了盤尾絲蟲病控制的性質(zhì)。現(xiàn)有的伊維菌素配送計(jì)劃的經(jīng)濟(jì)分析表明，這些計(jì)劃具有非常有益的影響。大多數(shù)分析都估計(jì)了經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，這是由于減少了盲目性而提高了勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率，以及由于減少了寄生蟲的傳播而增加了土地利用率。對(duì)西非盤尾絲蟲病控制計(jì)劃（OPC）的經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)估計(jì)算得出，該計(jì)劃在39年期間的凈現(xiàn)值-折現(xiàn)等價(jià)收益減去折現(xiàn)成本-為4.85億美元，采用保守的10％折現(xiàn)率未來的健康和生產(chǎn)力增長(zhǎng)。非洲盤尾絲蟲病控制計(jì)劃（APOC）的凈現(xiàn)值在21年的時(shí)間段內(nèi)計(jì)算為8,800萬美元，還使用10％的折現(xiàn)率。伊維菌素分布的成本效益分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，預(yù)防的每一個(gè)殘疾調(diào)整生命年的成本為14-30美元-與其他優(yōu)先疾病控制計(jì)劃相當(dāng)。但是，伊維菌素的經(jīng)濟(jì)成功銷售對(duì)藥物本身是免費(fèi)捐贈(zèng)的事實(shí)很敏感。默克公司僅一年就向APOC捐款的市值大大超過了在這些項(xiàng)目的整個(gè)生命周期中為OPC和APOC所計(jì)算的收益。在開發(fā)有效的大殺線劑之前，伊維菌素的分布在可預(yù)見的將來仍將是公共衛(wèi)生的重點(diǎn)。

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