摘要：
To promote safe production,the method to determine the residue of napropamide in watermelon and soil was established.The samples were extracted with acetonitrile and filtrated and concentrated,and finally determined by HPLC/MS/MS.The recoveries of 95.5％ to 102.2％,the coefficients of variation of 1.7％ to 4.3％ and the detection limit of 0.01mg/kg were obtained in both watermelon and soil.The method with good repeatability was fast,simple and accurate.%建立敵草胺在西瓜及土壤中的殘留分析方法,促進(jìn)安全生產(chǎn).采用乙腈震蕩提取,抽濾濃縮,通過(guò)液相色譜-質(zhì)譜法對(duì)西瓜及土壤中的敵草胺殘留進(jìn)行測(cè)定.該分析方法的添加回收率在95.5％ ～ 102.2％之間,相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差在1.7％～4.3％之間,最低檢出濃度為0.01 mg/kg.方法簡(jiǎn)便、快速、準(zhǔn)確度高、精密度好.
摘要：
To establish an accurate and efficient method for applying napropamide in tobacco field, field drip irrigation experiments were conducted in tobacco fields of Xiangcheng County in Henan Province. Residue levels of napropamide in soil and tobacco leaves were determined. The results showed that comparing with mechanical spray, drip irrigation of the herbicide was superior in terms of weed controlling, total tobacco leaf yield and yield of high grade leaves. The napropamide residue levels in soil and leaves were also reduced. The effect of weed control was improved by more than 1% (P=0.136 0); the total yield and the yield of high grade leaves was increased by 109.13 kg·ha-1 (P=0.088 9) and 56.16 kg·ha-1 (P=0.000 1), respectively. The differences of napropamide residues in soil and tobacco leaves between the two application methods reached significant levels (Psoil=0.003 0, Ptobacco leaf=0.008 0). Therefore, napropamide application via drip irrigation is desirable in tobacco fields where drip irrigation is suitable. Taking weed control effect, the yield and quality of tobacco leaves and the napropamide residues in soil and leaves into account, the appropriate application rate of napropamide was 2.25-3.00 kg·ha-1.%為了探討煙田除草劑敵草胺的精準(zhǔn)快捷施用方法，以河南省襄城縣煙田為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行了通過(guò)滴灌施用敵草胺的田間試驗(yàn)，并測(cè)定了敵草胺在土壤和煙葉中的殘留量。結(jié)果表明，敵草胺隨滴灌施用在防治雜草、提高總產(chǎn)量和上等煙產(chǎn)量、降低土壤和煙葉殘留方面均優(yōu)于機(jī)械噴霧敵草胺的效果，其中雜草防治效果提高1%以上，但二者沒(méi)有達(dá)到顯著水平（P=0.1360）；總產(chǎn)量平均提高109.13 kg·hm-2，上等煙產(chǎn)量平均提高56.16 kg·hm-2，總產(chǎn)量上的差異沒(méi)有達(dá)到顯著水平(P=0.0889)，但在上等煙產(chǎn)量上的差異達(dá)到了顯著水平(P=0.0001)；土壤和煙葉中的殘留量均達(dá)到極顯著水平(P 土壤=0.0030，P 煙葉=0.0080)。因此，在適宜于滴灌的煙田，敵草胺采用隨滴灌施用是可行的。綜合考慮雜草防除效果、煙葉產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)、土壤和煙葉殘留量，敵草胺隨滴灌施用量以2.25～3.00 kg·hm-2為宜。
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